Stroffolini T, Franco E, Romano G, Uccheddu P, Pasquini P, Panà A, Maida A, Scarpa B
Laboratorio di Epidemiologia - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Epidemiol. 1989 Jun;5(2):202-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00156831.
Possible hepatitis B immunization of all newborns, regardless of the mother's HBsAg status, is a strategy under consideration for selected hyperendemic areas in Italy. Sardinia is one such area. However, in 1987 in Sardinia, the prevalence of hepatitis B markers in children under 11 years was estimated at 1.7% and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at 0.2%. A much higher prevalence of HBsAg was recently observed among adults in this area: 8.7% among men and 5.2% among pregnant women. This contrasting pattern is unlikely to be due to bias: the sampling procedures adopted were appropriate and the percentage of refusals was very low (2.2%). The observed low hepatitis B marker prevalence in young age groups might be the result of a cohort effect due to the improved socio-economic conditions and changes in behaviour that have occurred in Sardinia over the last few years. The finding of only 3 HBsAg+ individuals out of 1,826 children tested, in spite of the 5.2% HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women in that region, is probably attributable to the low proportion of HBeAg positive individuals among the HBsAg+ carrier mothers in this area. At present, immunization of all newborns in Sardinia cannot be recommended.
在意大利的某些高流行地区，正在考虑一项策略，即对所有新生儿进行乙肝免疫接种，无论其母亲的乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）状态如何。撒丁岛就是这样一个地区。然而，1987年在撒丁岛，11岁以下儿童中乙肝标志物的流行率估计为1.7%，乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的流行率为0.2%。最近在该地区的成年人中观察到HBsAg的流行率要高得多：男性为8.7%，孕妇为5.2%。这种截然不同的模式不太可能是由于偏差：所采用的抽样程序是恰当的，拒绝率非常低（2.2%）。在年轻年龄组中观察到的低乙肝标志物流行率可能是由于过去几年撒丁岛社会经济条件改善和行为变化所导致的队列效应。尽管该地区孕妇中HBsAg流行率为5.2%，但在1826名接受检测的儿童中仅发现3名HBsAg阳性个体，这可能归因于该地区HBsAg阳性携带者母亲中HBeAg阳性个体的比例较低。目前，不建议对撒丁岛的所有新生儿进行免疫接种。
