Aghebati-Maleki Leili, Bakhshinejad Babak, Baradaran Behzad, Motallebnezhad Morteza, Aghebati-Maleki Ali, Nickho Hamid, Yousefi Mehdi, Majidi Jafar
Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
J Biomed Sci. 2016 Sep 29;23(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s12929-016-0285-9.
Bacteriophages are specific antagonists to bacterial hosts. These viral entities have attracted growing interest as optimal vaccine delivery vehicles. Phages are well-matched for vaccine design due to being highly stable under harsh environmental conditions, simple and inexpensive large scale production, and potent adjuvant capacities. Phage vaccines have efficient immunostimulatory effects and present a high safety profile because these viruses have made a constant relationship with the mammalian body during a long-standing evolutionary period. The birth of phage display technology has been a turning point in the development of phage-based vaccines. Phage display vaccines are made by expressing multiple copies of an antigen on the surface of immunogenic phage particles, thereby eliciting a powerful and effective immune response. Also, the ability to produce combinatorial peptide libraries with a highly diverse pool of randomized ligands has transformed phage display into a straightforward, versatile and high throughput screening methodology for the identification of potential vaccine candidates against different diseases in particular microbial infections. These libraries can be conveniently screened through an affinity selection-based strategy called biopanning against a wide variety of targets for the selection of mimotopes with high antigenicity and immunogenicity. Also, they can be panned against the antiserum of convalescent individuals to recognize novel peptidomimetics of pathogen-related epitopes. Phage display has represented enormous promise for finding new strategies of vaccine discovery and production and current breakthroughs promise a brilliant future for the development of different phage-based vaccine platforms.
噬菌体是细菌宿主的特异性拮抗剂。这些病毒实体作为理想的疫苗递送载体已引起越来越多的关注。噬菌体非常适合疫苗设计，因为它们在恶劣环境条件下高度稳定、大规模生产简单且成本低廉，并且具有强大的佐剂能力。噬菌体疫苗具有高效的免疫刺激作用，且安全性高，因为这些病毒在长期的进化过程中与哺乳动物机体保持着持续的关系。噬菌体展示技术的诞生是基于噬菌体的疫苗发展的一个转折点。噬菌体展示疫苗是通过在免疫原性噬菌体颗粒表面表达多个抗原拷贝而制成的，从而引发强大而有效的免疫反应。此外，利用高度多样化的随机配体库产生组合肽库的能力，已将噬菌体展示转变为一种直接、通用且高通量的筛选方法，用于鉴定针对不同疾病特别是微生物感染的潜在疫苗候选物。这些文库可以通过一种基于亲和力选择的策略方便地进行筛选，该策略称为生物淘选，针对多种靶标来选择具有高抗原性和免疫原性的模拟表位。此外，它们可以针对康复个体的抗血清进行淘选，以识别病原体相关表位的新型肽模拟物。噬菌体展示在寻找疫苗发现和生产的新策略方面展现出巨大的前景，目前的突破为不同的基于噬菌体的疫苗平台的发展带来了光明的未来。
