Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Plant Physiology, Genetic and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
Aquat Toxicol. 2016 Nov;180:95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.09.007. Epub 2016 Sep 9.
Aquatic plants are continuously exposed to a variety of stress factors. No data on the impact of antibiotics on the biogenic amines in duckweed (Lemna minor) have been available so far, and such data could be significant, considering the ecological role of this plant in animal food chains. In the tissues of control (non-stressed) nine-day-old duckweed, the following biogenic amines were identified: tyramine, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine. Based on the tetracycline contents and the computed EC values, the predicted toxicity units have been calculated. The obtained results demonstrated phytoxicity caused by tetracycline in relation to duckweed growth rate, yield and the contents of chlorophylls a and b. The carotenoid content was not modified by tetracycline. It was found that tetracycline as a water pollutant was a stress factor triggering an increase in the synthesis of amines. Tetracycline at 19, 39 and 78μM concentrations increased biogenic amine synthesis by 3.5 times. Although the content of tyramine increased fourteen times with the highest concentration of the drug (and of spermidine - only three-fold) the increase of spermidine was numerically the highest. Among the biogenic amines the most responsive to tetracycline were spermine and tyramine, while the least affected were putrescine and spermidine. Despite putrescine and spermidine being the least sensitive, their sum of contents increased five-fold compared to the control. These studies suggest that tetracycline in water reservoirs is taken up by L. minor as the antibiotic clearly modifies the metabolism of this plant and it may likely pose a risk.
水生植物不断暴露于各种应激因素之下。目前尚未有关于抗生素对浮萍（Lemna minor）生物胺影响的数据，但鉴于这种植物在动物食物链中的生态作用，这些数据可能非常重要。在对照组（未受应激）的 9 日龄浮萍组织中，鉴定出以下生物胺：酪胺、腐胺、尸胺、亚精胺和精胺。基于四环素含量和计算出的 EC 值，计算了预测的毒性单位。所得结果表明，四环素对浮萍生长速度、产量以及叶绿素 a 和 b 的含量具有植物毒性。四环素并未改变类胡萝卜素的含量。研究发现，作为一种水污染物质，四环素是一种应激因子，会引发胺类物质合成的增加。19、39 和 78μM 浓度的四环素使生物胺合成增加了 3.5 倍。尽管药物最高浓度时的酪胺含量增加了 14 倍（而亚精胺仅增加了 3 倍），但亚精胺的增加在数值上是最高的。在生物胺中，对四环素反应最敏感的是精胺和酪胺，而受影响最小的是腐胺和亚精胺。尽管腐胺和亚精胺的敏感性最低，但它们的含量总和与对照组相比增加了 5 倍。这些研究表明，四环素作为抗生素被水库存中的浮萍吸收，这明显改变了这种植物的新陈代谢，可能会带来风险。
