Cornacchio Danielle, Pinkham Amy E, Penn David L, Harvey Philip D
Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2017 Jan;179:85-90. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.033. Epub 2016 Sep 29.
Patients with severe mental illnesses manifest substantial deficits in self-assessment of the abilities that impact everyday functioning. This study compares patients with schizophrenia to healthy individuals on their social cognitive performance, their assessment of that performance, and the convergence between performance and indicators of effort in solving tasks. Patients with schizophrenia (n=57) and healthy controls (HC; n=47) completed the Bell-Lysaker Emotion Recognition Test (BLERT), a psychometrically sound assessment of emotion recognition. Participants rated their confidence in the accuracy of their responses after each item. Participants were instructed to respond as rapidly as possible without sacrificing accuracy; the time to complete each item was recorded. Patients with schizophrenia performed less accurately on the BLERT than HC. Both patients and HC were more confident on items that they correctly answered than for items with errors, with patients being less confident overall; there was no significant interaction for confidence between group and accuracy. HC demonstrated a more substantial adjustment of response time to task difficulty by taking considerably longer to solve items that they got wrong, whereas patients showed only a minimal adjustment. These results expand knowledge about both self-assessment of social cognitive performance and the ability to appraise difficulty and adjust effort to social cognitive task demands in patients with schizophrenia.
患有严重精神疾病的患者在影响日常功能的能力自我评估方面存在显著缺陷。本研究比较了精神分裂症患者与健康个体在社会认知表现、对该表现的评估以及解决任务时表现与努力指标之间的一致性。精神分裂症患者（n = 57）和健康对照组（HC；n = 47）完成了贝尔-莱萨克情绪识别测试（BLERT），这是一项对情绪识别进行心理测量的可靠评估。参与者在回答每个项目后对自己回答的准确性进行信心评分。参与者被要求在不牺牲准确性的前提下尽可能快速地做出反应；记录完成每个项目的时间。精神分裂症患者在BLERT上的表现不如健康对照组准确。患者和健康对照组对于正确回答的项目都比错误回答的项目更有信心，患者总体上信心较低；组间和准确性之间在信心方面没有显著交互作用。健康对照组通过花费相当长的时间来解决他们答错的项目，对反应时间进行了更显著的调整以适应任务难度，而患者仅表现出最小程度的调整。这些结果扩展了关于精神分裂症患者社会认知表现自我评估以及评估难度和根据社会认知任务需求调整努力的能力的知识。
