Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1450, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Schizophr Res. 2020 Oct;224:51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.10.005. Epub 2020 Oct 21.
It has been reported that people with schizophrenia are frequently overconfident relative to their performance, a trait observed in healthy individuals as well. In schizophrenia, impaired self-assessments have been found to be associated with functional impairments in various domains. Previous studies examining the correlation of overconfidence and task performance within domains (e.g., social cognition) had found overconfidence was associated with particularly poor performance. This study examines how overconfidence on a social cognitive emotion recognition task is correlated with performance on other social cognitive tests, measures of neurocognition, and intelligence. The sample includes 154 healthy controls and 218 outpatient individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. For the healthy controls, overconfidence was a significant predictor of poorer performance on social cognitive, but not neurocognitive tasks. For the participants with schizophrenia, overconfidence was a predictor of poorer performance on every performance-based task. In addition, overconfidence in healthy controls was more strongly correlated with intelligence than it was in participants with schizophrenia. The data suggest that a bias toward overestimation of performance aligns with poorer performance social cognitive domains, as well as neurocognitive domains in participants with schizophrenia. In healthy individuals, consistent with previous results, lower general intelligence seems to be a substantial predictor of overconfidence. These data suggest that attention to the accuracy of self-assessment is an area for future clinical interventions in people with schizophrenia.
据报道，精神分裂症患者的表现往往过于自信，这种特质在健康人群中也有体现。在精神分裂症中，自我评估受损与各种领域的功能障碍有关。先前的研究在检查特定领域（如社会认知）的过度自信与任务表现之间的相关性时发现，过度自信与特别差的表现有关。本研究探讨了在社会认知情绪识别任务上的过度自信与其他社会认知测试、神经认知测量和智力的表现之间的相关性。该样本包括 154 名健康对照者和 218 名被诊断为精神分裂症的门诊患者。对于健康对照组，过度自信是社会认知表现较差的显著预测因素，但对神经认知任务没有影响。对于精神分裂症患者，过度自信是每一项基于表现的任务表现较差的预测因素。此外，健康对照组的过度自信与智力的相关性强于精神分裂症患者。这些数据表明，对表现的高估倾向与精神分裂症患者的社会认知领域以及神经认知领域的较差表现相一致。在健康个体中，与先前的结果一致，较低的一般智力似乎是过度自信的一个重要预测因素。这些数据表明，关注自我评估的准确性是未来对精神分裂症患者进行临床干预的一个领域。
