Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2016 Dec;12(6):621-633. doi: 10.1007/s12015-016-9690-4.
Regulated self-consumption, also known as autophagy, is an evolutionary conserved process that degrades cellular components by directing them to the lysosomal compartment of eukaryotic cells. As a major intracellular degradation and recycling pathway, autophagy is crucial for maintaining and remodeling cellular homeostasis during normal cellular and tissue development. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy is necessary for the maintenance of cellular stemness and for a number of differentiation processes, including the lineage determination of mesenchymal stem cells. These are multipotent progenitor cells with self-renewal capacities that can give rise to a subset of tissues and thus hold a consistent potential in regenerative medicine. Here, we review the current literature on the complex liaison between autophagy induced by various extra- or intracellular stimuli and the molecular targets that affect mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and differentiation.
受调控的自噬，又称为自噬，是一种进化上保守的过程，通过将细胞成分定向到真核细胞的溶酶体隔室中来降解它们。作为一种主要的细胞内降解和回收途径，自噬对于在正常细胞和组织发育过程中维持和重塑细胞内稳态至关重要。最近的研究表明，自噬对于维持细胞的干性和许多分化过程是必要的，包括间充质干细胞的谱系决定。这些是具有自我更新能力的多能祖细胞，可以产生一组组织，因此在再生医学中具有一致的潜力。在这里，我们回顾了关于各种细胞外或细胞内刺激诱导的自噬与影响间充质干细胞增殖和分化的分子靶点之间复杂联系的现有文献。
