苏南某乡镇土壤多环芳烃的城市化相关变化及其排放源的潜在健康风险。
Urbanization-related changes in soil PAHs and potential health risks of emission sources in a township in Southern Jiangsu, China.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; College of Resource Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; College of Resource Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Jan 1;575:692-700. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.106. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Urbanization, which is characterized by population aggregation, industrial development, and increased traffic load, may change local polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) emissions and their associated health risks. To investigate these changes, we collected soil samples in 2009 and 2014 in a rapidly developing small town in Southern Jiangsu (China) and measured the concentrations of 16 PAHs via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Although the total PAHs decreased from 4586.6 to 640.6ng/g, the concentrations of the high-molecular-weight PAHs benzo(b)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene increased due to changes in the PAH sources. Source apportionment by positive matrix factorization indicated that the two sources responsible for the highest soil PAH contributions changed from biomass combustion (42%) and coal combustion (32%) in 2009 to coal, biomass and natural gas combustion (35%) and diesel combustion (33%) in 2014. However, the two sources with the highest associated health risks were diesel and gasoline combustion in both years. The incremental lifetime cancer risk for residents exposed to PAHs in the soil via incidental ingestion and dermal contact decreased from 1.75×10 to 1.60×10. The ban on open burning of straw and the substitution of coal with natural gas offset the PAH health risks due to increased urbanization.
城市化以人口聚集、工业发展和交通负荷增加为特征，可能改变局部多环芳烃（PAH）排放及其相关的健康风险。为了研究这些变化，我们于 2009 年和 2014 年在江苏省南部一个快速发展的小镇采集了土壤样本，并通过气相色谱-质谱法测量了 16 种 PAHs 的浓度。尽管总 PAHs 从 4586.6 降至 640.6ng/g，但由于 PAH 源的变化，高分子量 PAHs 苯并(b)荧蒽和苯并(a)芘的浓度增加。正定矩阵因子分解的源分配表明，2009 年对土壤中 PAH 贡献最高的两个源分别为生物质燃烧（42%）和煤炭燃烧（32%），而 2014 年则变为煤炭、生物质和天然气燃烧（35%）和柴油燃烧（33%）。然而，在这两年中，与健康风险关联度最高的两个源均为柴油和汽油燃烧。通过偶然摄入和皮肤接触，居民暴露于土壤中 PAHs 的终生癌症风险增量从 1.75×10降至 1.60×10。禁止露天焚烧秸秆和用天然气替代煤炭，缓解了因城市化加剧而产生的 PAH 健康风险。
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