Tweedle Michael F
The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, The Wright Center for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Biomedical Research Tower, Rm 710, 460 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
Magn Reson Imaging. 2016 Dec;34(10):1377-1382. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
The methodology and published work aimed at speciation of gadolinium based contrast agents in tissues is reviewed. The discussion focusses on the context of Gd deposited long term in tissue following administration of the contrast agents. Detection of Gd without identification of the chemical form detected is simple and straight forward using a variety of methods. Determination of the chemical form of Gd detected is far more complex and most methods require inherently imperfect extraction steps that can alter the Gd chemical species detected. Control studies wherein Gd is not deposited biologically or is deposited in animal tissues are also inherently imperfect. Strengths and weaknesses of the various methods used and examples are demonstrated. It is concluded that a combination of spatially resolved mass spectral based methods, combined with extraction/HPLC analysis methods can provide sufficient sensitivity, spatial resolution and chemical species specificity to address the title question on ex vivo tissue samples.
本文综述了针对组织中钆基造影剂进行物种形成分析的方法和已发表的研究工作。讨论聚焦于造影剂给药后钆在组织中长期沉积的情况。使用多种方法简单直接地检测钆而不识别所检测到的化学形式很容易。确定所检测到的钆的化学形式要复杂得多，而且大多数方法都需要本质上不完美的提取步骤，这可能会改变所检测到的钆的化学物种。其中钆未在生物体内沉积或沉积在动物组织中的对照研究本质上也不完美。文中展示了各种方法的优缺点及实例。得出的结论是，基于空间分辨质谱的方法与提取/高效液相色谱分析方法相结合，可以提供足够的灵敏度、空间分辨率和化学物种特异性，以解决关于离体组织样本的上述问题。
