Department of Urology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Surgery, Anorectal Physiology Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Aug;36(6):1519-1528. doi: 10.1002/nau.23121. Epub 2016 Oct 4.
To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among adults in the Netherlands.
In this cross-sectional study, we included 1257 respondents aged ≥ 18 years, who completed the validated Groningen Defecation and Fecal Continence Checklist. UI was defined as any involuntary leakage of urine during the past 6 months.
The prevalence of UI in the total group was 36.8%. Women experienced UI significantly more often than men (49.0% versus 22.6%, respectively, P < 0.001). We found that in both men and women, the prevalence of UI increased with aging (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). Remarkably, multivariate analysis revealed that age did not influence UI in men. Men and women aged 18-39 also experienced UI (17.0% and 36.1%, respectively). We established that diabetes mellitus, fecal incontinence, and constipation were risk factors for UI. In women, obesity, vaginal hysterectomies, and vaginal parturition were also risk factors for UI, as was prostate surgery in men.
The prevalence of UI in the Netherlands is high. Medical practitioners should therefore not underestimate this problem, especially among young people. Because the multivariate analysis revealed that in men age did not correlate significantly with UI, we believe that the risk of experiencing UI increases with age because of diseases that are known to lead to UI and not because of aging as a single factor itself. Finally, this study can be used as a reference for patients living in Western-Europe.
确定荷兰成年人中尿失禁（UI）的患病率和相关风险因素。
在这项横断面研究中，我们纳入了 1257 名年龄≥18 岁的应答者，他们完成了经过验证的格罗宁根排便和粪便控能力检查表。UI 被定义为过去 6 个月期间任何不自主的尿液泄漏。
总人群中 UI 的患病率为 36.8%。女性 UI 的发生率明显高于男性（分别为 49.0%和 22.6%，P<0.001）。我们发现，无论男女，UI 的患病率均随年龄增长而增加（P=0.003 和 P<0.001）。值得注意的是，多变量分析显示，年龄对男性的 UI 没有影响。18-39 岁的男性和女性也经历 UI（分别为 17.0%和 36.1%）。我们确定糖尿病、粪便失禁和便秘是 UI 的危险因素。在女性中，肥胖、阴道子宫切除术和阴道分娩也是 UI 的危险因素，而男性的前列腺手术也是 UI 的危险因素。
荷兰 UI 的患病率很高。因此，医疗从业者不应低估这个问题，尤其是在年轻人中。由于多变量分析显示男性的年龄与 UI 无显著相关性，我们认为，由于已知会导致 UI 的疾病而导致 UI 的风险增加，而不是因为衰老本身作为单一因素。最后，这项研究可以作为居住在西欧的患者的参考。
