Šrámková Veronika, Rossmeislová Lenka, Krauzová Eva, Kračmerová Jana, Koc Michal, Langin Dominique, Štich Vladimír, Šiklová Michaela
Department of Sport Medicine (V.Š., L.R., E.K., J.K., M.K., V.Š., M.Š.), Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic; Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity (V.Š., L.R., E.K., J.K., M.K., D.L., V.Š., M.Š.), Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche, F-31432 Toulouse, France; Second Department of Internal Medicine (E.K., V.Š.), University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic; and INSERM (D.L.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, and University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry (D.L.), Toulouse University Hospitals, F-31432 Toulouse, France.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Dec;101(12):5021-5029. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-2161. Epub 2016 Oct 7.
Beneficial metabolic effects of calorie restriction found in the early stage of hypocalorie diets may be caused by the modulation of metabolic and endocrine function of adipose tissue.
The objective of the study was to compare metabolic and inflammation-related characteristics of sc adipose tissue (SAAT) in the early (2 d) and later (28 d) phase of a very low calorie diet (VLCD). Design, Setting, Intervention, and Patients: Seventeen moderately obese premenopausal women followed an 800 kcal/d VLCD for 28 days. Anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, and a biopsy of SAAT were performed before the diet and after 2 and 28 days of the VLCD.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): mRNA expression of 50 genes related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis were analyzed in SAAT. Secretion of adipokines was determined in SAAT explants and adipokines, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and C-reactive protein were measured in plasma.
In the early phase of the VLCD, the expression of lipolytic genes was increased, whereas the expression of lipogenic genes was significantly suppressed. The inflammatory markers in SAAT remained unchanged. At the later phase, expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and β-oxidation was markedly suppressed, whereas the expression of inflammatory markers was increased. The changes of lipogenic genes after 28 days of the VLCD correlated with FGF21 changes.
The early and later phases of a VLCD differ with respect to metabolic and inflammatory responses in SAAT. The expression changes in SAAT in the early phase of the VLCD could not explain the effect of short calorie restriction on the improvement of insulin sensitivity. An interplay of SAAT with liver function during VLCD mediated by FGF21 might be suggested.
低热量饮食早期发现的热量限制有益代谢效应可能是由脂肪组织代谢和内分泌功能的调节引起的。
本研究的目的是比较极低热量饮食（VLCD）早期（2天）和后期（28天）皮下脂肪组织（SAAT）的代谢和炎症相关特征。设计、地点、干预措施和患者：17名中度肥胖的绝经前女性遵循800千卡/天的VLCD饮食28天。在饮食前以及VLCD饮食2天和28天后进行人体测量、血液采样和SAAT活检。
分析SAAT中50个与脂质代谢、炎症和纤维化相关基因的mRNA表达。测定SAAT外植体中脂肪因子的分泌，并检测血浆中脂肪因子、成纤维细胞生长因子21（FGF21）和C反应蛋白。
在VLCD的早期阶段，脂解基因的表达增加，而脂肪生成基因的表达明显受到抑制。SAAT中的炎症标志物保持不变。在后期，参与脂肪生成和β氧化的基因表达明显受到抑制，而炎症标志物的表达增加。VLCD饮食28天后脂肪生成基因的变化与FGF21的变化相关。
VLCD的早期和后期在SAAT的代谢和炎症反应方面存在差异。VLCD早期SAAT中的表达变化无法解释短期热量限制对改善胰岛素敏感性的作用。可能提示在VLCD期间SAAT与肝功能之间通过FGF21介导存在相互作用。
