College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China.
College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Jan 1;575:1291-1306. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.211. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Remediating uranium contamination is of worldwide interest because of the increasing release of uranium from mining and processing, nuclear power leaks, depleted uranium components in weapons production and disposal, and phosphate fertilizer in agriculture activities. Iron-based technologies are attractive because they are highly efficient, inexpensive, and readily available. This paper provides an overview of the current literature that addresses the application of iron-based technologies in the remediation of sites with elevated uranium levels. The application of iron-based materials, the current remediation technologies and mechanisms, and the effectiveness and environmental safety considerations of these approaches were discussed. Because uranium can be reduced and reoxidized in the environment, the review also proposes strategies for long-term in situ remediation of uranium. Unfortunately, iron-based materials (nanoscale zerovalent iron and iron oxides) can be toxic to microorganisms. As such, further studies exploring the links among the fates, ecological impacts, and other environmentally relevant factors are needed to better understand the constraints on using iron-based technologies for remediation.
治理铀污染受到全世界的关注，因为铀的开采和加工、核动力泄漏、武器生产和处置过程中贫化铀组件以及农业活动中的磷肥不断释放。基于铁的技术具有高效、廉价和易得的特点，因此具有吸引力。本文概述了当前文献中有关应用基于铁的技术修复铀含量高的地点的情况。讨论了铁基材料的应用、当前的修复技术和机制，以及这些方法的有效性和环境安全性考虑因素。由于铀在环境中可以被还原和再氧化，因此该综述还提出了铀的原位长期修复策略。不幸的是，铁基材料（纳米零价铁和氧化铁）可能对微生物有毒。因此，需要进一步研究探索铁基技术用于修复的命运、生态影响和其他与环境相关因素之间的联系，以便更好地了解使用铁基技术进行修复的限制。
