Dianat Iman, Karimi Mohammad Ali
Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
J Occup Health. 2016 Nov 29;58(6):644-652. doi: 10.1539/joh.15-0196-OA. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors among Iranian handicraft workers engaged in different hand sewing tasks.
Data were collected using questionnaires (including the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) as well as direct observations of posture (using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment [RULA] method) from 632 workers including carpet handicraft workers (n=222), textiles handicraft workers (n=209), and leather handicraft workers (n=201) in Tabriz, Iran.
The response rate was 88.8%. The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, particularly in the neck (57.9%), lower back (51.6%), and shoulders (40.5%) was relatively high. The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain was higher among females and with increasing age. Working posture and fast working were associated with neck, shoulder, and lower back pain. Years worked as a sewing worker was associated with neck and lower back pain. Long duration of continuous sitting work (>2 h) without a break was associated with neck pain. Body mass index, marital status, sport/physical activity, smoking, daily working hours, job satisfaction, and perceived pressure due to work had no effect.
The findings indicate a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among the studied handicraft workers and emphasize the importance of individual, physical, and psychosocial aspects of hand sewing tasks in this regard.
本研究旨在确定从事不同手工缝纫任务的伊朗手工艺工人中肌肉骨骼症状的患病率及相关危险因素。
通过问卷调查（包括北欧肌肉骨骼问卷）以及对伊朗大不里士的632名工人（包括地毯手工艺工人（n = 222）、纺织品手工艺工人（n = 209）和皮革手工艺工人（n = 201））的姿势进行直接观察（使用快速上肢评估[RULA]方法）来收集数据。
应答率为88.8%。肌肉骨骼不适的总体患病率相对较高，尤其是在颈部（57.9%）、下背部（51.6%）和肩部（40.5%）。颈部和肩部疼痛的患病率在女性中较高，且随年龄增长而增加。工作姿势和工作速度快与颈部、肩部和下背部疼痛有关。从事缝纫工作的年限与颈部和下背部疼痛有关。连续长时间坐着工作（>2小时）且无休息与颈部疼痛有关。体重指数、婚姻状况、运动/体育活动、吸烟、每日工作时长、工作满意度以及工作带来的感知压力均无影响。
研究结果表明，在所研究的手工艺工人中肌肉骨骼疼痛的患病率较高，并强调了手工缝纫任务在个体、身体和社会心理方面在这方面重要性。
