Abu-Akel Ahmad, Clark Jennifer, Perry Amy, Wood Stephen J, Forty Liz, Craddock Nick, Jones Ian, Gordon-Smith Katherine, Jones Lisa
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
J Affect Disord. 2017 Jan 1;207:268-275. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.059. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
To determine the expression of autistic and positive schizotypal traits in a large sample of adults with bipolar I disorder (BD I), and the effect of co-occurring autistic and positive schizotypal traits on global functioning in BD I.
Autistic and positive schizotypal traits were self-assessed in 797 individuals with BD-I recruited by the Bipolar Disorder Research Network. Differences in global functioning (rated using the Global Assessment Scale) during lifetime worst depressive and manic episodes (GASD and GASM respectively) were calculated in groups with high/low autistic and positive schizotypal traits. Regression analyses assessed the interactive effect of autistic and positive schizotypal traits on global functioning.
47.2% (CI=43.7-50.7%) showed clinically significant levels of autistic traits, and 23.22% (95% CI=20.29-26.14) showed clinically significant levels of positive schizotypal traits. In the worst episode of mania, the high autistic, high positive schizotypal group had better global functioning compared to the other groups. Individual differences analyses showed that high levels of both traits were associated with better global functioning in both mood states.
Autistic and schizotypal traits were assessed using self-rated questionnaires.
Expression of autistic and schizotypal traits in adults with BD I is prevalent, and may be important to predict illness aetiology, prognosis, and diagnostic practices in this population. Future work should focus on replicating these findings in independent samples, and on the biological and/or psychosocial mechanisms underlying better global functioning in those who have high levels of both autistic and positive schizotypal traits.
确定在一大样本双相I型障碍（BD-I）成年患者中孤独症和阳性分裂型特质的表达情况，以及共病的孤独症和阳性分裂型特质对BD-I患者整体功能的影响。
通过双相情感障碍研究网络招募了797名BD-I患者，对其孤独症和阳性分裂型特质进行自我评估。计算孤独症和阳性分裂型特质高/低分组在终生最严重抑郁发作和躁狂发作期间（分别为GASD和GASM，采用大体评定量表评定）整体功能的差异。回归分析评估孤独症和阳性分裂型特质对整体功能的交互作用。
47.2%（CI=43.7-50.7%）表现出具有临床意义水平的孤独症特质，23.22%（95%CI=20.29-26.14）表现出具有临床意义水平的阳性分裂型特质。在最严重的躁狂发作中，高孤独症、高阳性分裂型特质组的整体功能优于其他组。个体差异分析表明，两种特质水平较高均与两种情绪状态下更好的整体功能相关。
孤独症和分裂型特质采用自评问卷进行评估。
BD-I成年患者中孤独症和分裂型特质的表达较为普遍，这可能对预测该人群的疾病病因、预后及诊断实践具有重要意义。未来的研究应聚焦于在独立样本中重复这些发现，以及探究孤独症和阳性分裂型特质水平较高者整体功能较好背后的生物学和/或心理社会机制。
