Weng Ruey-Chee
Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2017 Jun;30(6):834-842. doi: 10.5713/ajas.16.0499. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
An experiment was to evaluate the interplay of dietary lipid sources and feeding regime in the transition from sow milk to solid food of abruptly weaned piglets.
Soon after weaning, 144 piglets were selected and were trained over a 15 day period to experience gradually reducing dietary fat content from 12% to 6% for lard (L), soybean oil (S), and coconut oil (C) and their feeding behavior and diet preference then tested in a behavior observation experiment. Another 324 weaned piglets were used in three consecutive feeding experiments to measure the effect of different dietary fats on performance and feed choice in the four weeks after abrupt weaning. The lipid sources were used as supplements in a 3% crude fat corn/soya basal diet, with 6% of each being included to form diets 9C, 9S, and 9L respectively, and their effects on performance measured. Combinations of these diets were then further compared in fixed blends or free choice selection experiments.
Piglets pre-trained to experience reducing lipid inclusion showed different subsequent preferences according to lipid source, with a preference for lard at 9%, soybean oil at 3%, and coconut oil at 6% inclusion rate (p<0.001). Following abrupt weaning, whilst after 4 weeks those fed 9C had the heaviest body weights (18.13 kg, p = 0.006). Piglets fed a fixed 1:1 blend of 9C+9S had a poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.80) than those fed a blend of 9C+9L (FCR = 1.4). The 9C and 9L combination groups showed better performance in both fixed blend and free choice feeding regimes.
After abrupt weaning, they still have dependence on high oleic acid lipids as found in sow milk. A feeding regime offering free choice combination of lipids might give the possibility for piglets to cope better with the transition at weaning, but further research is needed.
进行一项实验，以评估日粮脂肪来源与饲喂方式在突然断奶仔猪从母乳过渡到固体食物过程中的相互作用。
断奶后不久，挑选144头仔猪，在15天的时间里对它们进行训练，使其经历日粮脂肪含量从猪油（L）、大豆油（S）和椰子油（C）的12%逐渐降至6%的过程，然后在行为观察实验中测试它们的采食行为和日粮偏好。另外324头断奶仔猪用于连续三个饲喂实验，以测量不同日粮脂肪对突然断奶后四周内生长性能和饲料选择的影响。脂肪来源作为3%粗脂肪玉米/大豆基础日粮的补充剂，分别包含6%的每种脂肪以形成日粮9C、9S和9L，并测量它们对生长性能的影响。然后在固定混合或自由选择实验中进一步比较这些日粮的组合。
预先训练经历降低脂肪添加量的仔猪，随后根据脂肪来源表现出不同的偏好，在添加量为9%时偏好猪油，3%时偏好大豆油，6%时偏好椰子油（p<0.001）。突然断奶后，虽然4周后饲喂9C的仔猪体重最重（18.13千克，p = 0.006）。饲喂9C+9S固定1:1混合日粮的仔猪饲料转化率（FCR = 1.80）比饲喂9C+9L混合日粮的仔猪差（FCR = 1.4）。9C和9L组合组在固定混合饲喂和自由选择饲喂方式下均表现出更好的生长性能。
突然断奶后，仔猪仍像在母乳中那样依赖高油酸脂质。提供脂质自由选择组合的饲喂方式可能使仔猪更能应对断奶过渡期，但仍需进一步研究。
