Koo Euna B, Gilbert Aubrey L, VanderVeen Deborah K
a Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.
c Stanford School of Medicine , Palo Alto , CA , USA.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2017;32(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/08820538.2016.1228408. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
Amblyopia is a leading cause of low vision and warrants timely management during childhood. We performed a literature review of the management of amblyopia and potential risk factors for amblyopia.
Literature review of the management of amblyopia and risk factors for amblyopia.
Common amblyopia risk factors include anisometropic or high refractive error, strabismus, cataract, and ptosis. Often a conservative approach with spectacles is enough to prevent amblyopia. However, surgery may be necessary to clear the visual axis or align the eyes.
Amblyopia risk factors should be managed early. Though amblyopia treatment is more likely to be successful at a younger age, those who are older but treatment-naïve may still respond to treatment. Promoting binocular or dichoptic experiences may be the future direction of amblyopia management.
弱视是视力低下的主要原因，在儿童期需要及时治疗。我们对弱视的治疗及弱视的潜在危险因素进行了文献综述。
对弱视的治疗及危险因素进行文献综述。
常见的弱视危险因素包括屈光参差或高度屈光不正、斜视、白内障和上睑下垂。通常，佩戴眼镜的保守方法足以预防弱视。然而，可能需要手术来清除视轴或使双眼对齐。
应尽早处理弱视危险因素。虽然弱视治疗在年龄较小的时候更有可能成功，但年龄较大且未接受过治疗的患者仍可能对治疗有反应。促进双眼或双眼分别视体验可能是弱视治疗的未来方向。
