Varga Elisabeth, Wiesenberger Gerlinde, Fruhmann Philipp, Malachová Alexandra, Svoboda Thomas, Lemmens Marc, Adam Gerhard, Berthiller Franz
Center for Analytical Chemistry and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, Tulln 3430, Austria.
Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, Tulln 3430, Austria.
Toxins (Basel). 2016 Oct 14;8(10):295. doi: 10.3390/toxins8100295.
Trichothecenes are a class of structurally diverse mycotoxins with more than 200 naturally occurring compounds. Previously, a new compound, pentahydroxyscirpene (PHS), was reported as a byproduct of a nivalenol producing strain, IFA189. PHS contains a hydroxy group at C-8 instead of the keto group of type B trichothecenes. In this work, we demonstrate that IFA189 belongs to the species using molecular tools. Production of PHS in vitro was also observed for several isolates of other species producing nivalenol. Furthermore, we report the formation of 4-acetyl-PHS by on inoculated rice. Wheat ears of the variety Remus were infected with IFA189 and the in planta production of PHS was confirmed. Natural occurrence of PHS was verified in barley samples from the Czech Republic using a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method validated for this purpose. Toxicity of PHS to wheat ribosomes was evaluated with a coupled in vitro transcription and translation assay, which showed that PHS inhibits protein biosynthesis slightly less than nivalenol and deoxynivalenol.
单端孢霉烯族毒素是一类结构多样的霉菌毒素，有200多种天然存在的化合物。此前，一种新化合物五羟基镰孢菌烯（PHS）被报道为产雪腐镰刀菌烯醇菌株IFA189的副产物。PHS在C-8位含有一个羟基，而非B型单端孢霉烯族毒素的酮基。在这项研究中，我们使用分子工具证明IFA189所属的物种。在其他产雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的物种的几个分离株中也观察到了PHS的体外产生。此外，我们报道了接种水稻上 产生4-乙酰-PHS。用IFA189感染雷穆斯品种的麦穗，并证实了PHS在植物体内的产生。使用为此目的验证的液相色谱-串联质谱法在来自捷克共和国的大麦样品中验证了PHS的天然存在。用体外转录和翻译偶联试验评估了PHS对小麦核糖体的毒性，结果表明PHS对蛋白质生物合成的抑制作用略小于雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇。
