Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
Nutrients. 2016 Oct 18;8(10):643. doi: 10.3390/nu8100643.
Vegan protein-based diet has attracted increasing interest in the prevention of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Meanwhile, adiponectin has become a highly potential molecular target in the prevention of MetS. Our study will identify a potential vegan protein diet for the prevention of MetS using rat models. Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups and given diets containing one of the following proteins for 12 weeks: casein (CAS, control diet), soy protein (SOY), and gluten-soy mixed protein (GSM). Changes in metabolic parameters as well as the expressions of adiponectin and its receptors were identified. Compared to CAS diet, both SOY and GSM diets led to decreases in blood total cholesterol and triglycerides, but only GSM diet led to an increase in HDL-cholesterol; no marked difference was observed in blood glucose in all three groups; HOMA-IR was found lower only in SOY group. Among groups, the order of serum adiponectin level was found as GSM > SOY > CAS. Similar order pattern was also observed in expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue and AdipoR1 mRNA in skeletal muscle. Our results suggested for the first time that, besides SOY diet, GSM diet could also be a possible substitute of animal protein to prevent MetS.
植物蛋白饮食在预防代谢综合征（MetS）方面引起了越来越多的关注。同时，脂联素已成为预防 MetS 的一个极具潜力的分子靶标。我们的研究将使用大鼠模型来确定一种预防 MetS 的潜在植物蛋白饮食。
将 36 只 Wistar 大鼠随机分为三组，分别给予以下三种蛋白质组成的饮食 12 周：酪蛋白（CAS，对照饮食）、大豆蛋白（SOY）和谷朊-大豆混合蛋白（GSM）。观察代谢参数的变化以及脂联素及其受体的表达情况。
与 CAS 饮食相比，SOY 和 GSM 饮食均可降低血总胆固醇和甘油三酯，但只有 GSM 饮食可升高 HDL-胆固醇；三组的血糖均无明显差异；仅 SOY 组的 HOMA-IR 降低。血清脂联素水平的组间顺序为 GSM > SOY > CAS。脂肪组织中脂联素的表达和骨骼肌中 AdipoR1 mRNA 的表达也呈现出相似的模式。
我们的研究结果首次表明，除了 SOY 饮食外，GSM 饮食也可能是预防 MetS 的一种动物蛋白替代饮食。
