Serafini Gianluca, Gonda Xenia, Pompili Maurizio, Rihmer Zoltan, Amore Mario, Engel-Yeger Batya
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Hungary.
Child Abuse Negl. 2016 Dec;62:39-50. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.09.013. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
Several studies documented the involvement of sensory perception in emotional processes. The long-term consequences of traumatic experiences and alexithymia have been demonstrated as well. However, the role of extreme sensory processing patterns, traumatic childhood experiences, and alexithymia has not been thoroughly examined in major affective disorders. The present study aimed to: (1) compare unipolar/bipolar patients with regard to their sensory processing patterns, alexithymia, childhood traumatic experiences and quality of life; (2) examine the correlations between sensory processing patterns and childhood traumatic experiences; (3) investigate the relative contribution of diagnostic groups (unipolar/bipolar), sensory processing patterns, alexithymia, and childhood traumatic experiences in predicting quality of life. The sample included 336 participants, 197 with unipolar and 139 with bipolar disorder. All participants completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP), Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II, and Short Form 12 Health Survey version 2 (SF-12). Bipolar patients showed significantly higher physical neglect, emotional abuse, and emotional neglect compared with unipolar patients. Both in unipolar and bipolar groups, lower registration of sensory input as well as hypersensitivity correlated with enhanced childhood trauma events. Reduced sensory sensitivity accounted for 11% of the variance in physical health composite score (PCS) of SF-12 whereas reduced depression accounted for 8% of the variance in mental health composite score (MCS). Furthermore, elevated MCS was predicted by depression, physical and emotional neglect. Sensory processing patterns and childhood traumatic experiences may specifically characterize individuals with major affective disorders and play a role in the prediction of their quality of life.
多项研究记录了感觉知觉在情绪过程中的参与情况。创伤经历和述情障碍的长期后果也已得到证实。然而，极端感觉加工模式、童年创伤经历和述情障碍在主要情感障碍中的作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在：（1）比较单相/双相情感障碍患者在感觉加工模式、述情障碍、童年创伤经历和生活质量方面的差异；（2）研究感觉加工模式与童年创伤经历之间的相关性；（3）调查诊断组（单相/双相）、感觉加工模式、述情障碍和童年创伤经历在预测生活质量方面的相对贡献。样本包括336名参与者，其中197名单相情感障碍患者和139名双相情感障碍患者。所有参与者均完成了青少年/成人感觉概况量表（AASP）、多伦多述情障碍量表、儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）-II和简短健康调查简表第2版（SF-12）。与单相情感障碍患者相比，双相情感障碍患者在身体忽视、情感虐待和情感忽视方面的得分显著更高。在单相和双相情感障碍组中，感觉输入的低登记以及超敏反应均与童年创伤事件的增加相关。感觉敏感性降低占SF-12身体综合健康评分（PCS）方差的11%，而抑郁程度降低占心理健康综合评分（MCS）方差的8%。此外，抑郁、身体和情感忽视可预测MCS升高。感觉加工模式和童年创伤经历可能是主要情感障碍患者的特殊特征，并在预测其生活质量方面发挥作用。
