Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Cannon Street, Suite 303, MSC 835, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6, Minami, Wako City, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan.
Curr Environ Health Rep. 2016 Dec;3(4):348-359. doi: 10.1007/s40572-016-0111-2.
It has been difficult to both mitigate the health consequences and effectively provide health risk information to the public affected by the Fukushima radiological disaster. Often, there are contrasting public health ethics within these activities which complicate risk communication. Although no risk communication strategy is perfect in such disasters, the ethical principles of risk communication provide good practical guidance.
These discussions will be made in the context of similar lessons learned after radiation exposures in Goiania, Brazil, in 1987; the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, Ukraine, in 1986; and the attack at the World Trade Center, New York, USA, in 2001. Neither of the two strategies is perfect nor fatally flawed. Yet, this discussion and lessons from prior events should assist decision makers with navigating difficult risk communication strategies in similar environmental health disasters.
减轻福岛放射性灾难对公众健康的影响并向其提供有效的健康风险信息一直具有挑战性。在这些活动中，经常存在着公共卫生伦理方面的冲突，使风险沟通变得复杂。尽管在这种灾难中没有一种风险沟通策略是完美的，但风险沟通的伦理原则提供了良好的实践指导。
这些讨论将在类似的背景下进行，例如在 1987 年巴西戈亚尼亚的辐射暴露事件、1986 年乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电厂事故以及 2001 年美国纽约世界贸易中心袭击事件中吸取的教训。这两种策略都不是完美的，也没有致命的缺陷。然而，这一讨论以及以往事件的经验教训，应有助于决策者在类似的环境健康灾难中驾驭艰难的风险沟通策略。
