Pepin Genevieve, Gantier Michael P
Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
Microrna. 2016;5(3):167-174. doi: 10.2174/2211536605666161027165915.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short 19-25 nucleotide RNA molecules that impact on most biological processes by regulating the efficiency of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. To date, most research activities have been focused on the control of miRNA expression and its functional consequences. Nonetheless, much remains unknown about the mechanisms affecting the level of specific miRNAs in the cell, a critical feature impacting their regulatory activity. This review focuses on the factors that regulate the abundance of miRNAs, including synthesis, post-transcriptional modifications, nucleases, target binding, and secretion.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类长度为19 - 25个核苷酸的短RNA分子，通过调节信使RNA（mRNA）翻译效率影响大多数生物学过程。迄今为止，大多数研究活动都集中在miRNA表达的调控及其功能后果上。然而，关于影响细胞中特定miRNA水平的机制仍有许多未知之处，这是影响其调控活性的一个关键特征。本综述聚焦于调节miRNA丰度的因素，包括合成、转录后修饰、核酸酶、靶标结合和分泌。
