Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Wilfrido Massiew s/n esq, Manuel Stampa, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Food Funct. 2016 Dec 7;7(12):4880-4888. doi: 10.1039/c6fo01165a.
Little is known about the effects of cocoa and its main flavanols on the prothrombotic state associated with the development of hypertension in diet-induced obesity models.
To evaluate the effects of cocoa powder, cocoa extract and their main flavanols on plasma biomarkers related to impaired coagulation and fibrinolysis and its association with hypertension and obesity-related metabolic disorders in rats fed a hypercaloric diet.
Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups (n = 7): normal diet (ND); hypercaloric diet control group (HCD); HCD + cocoa powder (CO); HCD + cocoa extract (CO-EX); HCD + (-)-epicatechin (EPI); HCD + (+)-catechin (CAT); and HCD + procyanidin B2 (PB2). Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method (week 7). At the end of the experimental period (week 8), rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected immediately for coagulation and biochemical analyses.
Oral administration of CO, CO-EX and their main flavanols significantly decreased plasma biomarkers related to impaired coagulation and fibrinolysis (vWF, FVIII, fibrinogen and PAI-1) in rats fed a hypercaloric diet. These effects were associated with decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, aortic oxidative stress (MDA levels) and improvement of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and circulating markers of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP) compared to the HCD group.
Our results showed that cocoa and its main flavanols may improve endothelial dysfunction and exert their antihypertensive effects by decreasing the prothrombotic state in rats fed a hypercaloric diet. Moreover, improvement of obesity-related metabolic disorders may also contribute to their BP-lowering effect.
关于可可及其主要黄烷醇对与饮食诱导肥胖模型中高血压相关的促血栓形成状态的影响知之甚少。
评估可可粉、可可提取物及其主要黄烷醇对与凝血和纤溶受损相关的血浆生物标志物的影响，以及它们与高热量饮食喂养的大鼠高血压和肥胖相关代谢紊乱的关系。
雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为 7 个治疗组（n = 7）：正常饮食（ND）；高热量饮食对照组（HCD）；HCD+可可粉（CO）；HCD+可可提取物（CO-EX）；HCD+（-）-表儿茶素（EPI）；HCD+（+）-儿茶素（CAT）；HCD+原花青素 B2（PB2）。使用尾套法测量血压（第 7 周）。在实验期末（第 8 周），处死大鼠，立即采集血液样本进行凝血和生化分析。
高热量饮食喂养的大鼠口服 CO、CO-EX 和它们的主要黄烷醇可显著降低与凝血和纤溶受损相关的血浆生物标志物（vWF、FVIII、纤维蛋白原和 PAI-1）。与 HCD 组相比，这些作用与收缩压和舒张压降低、主动脉氧化应激（MDA 水平）降低以及血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗和循环炎症标志物（TNF-α、IL-6 和 CRP）改善相关。
我们的结果表明，可可及其主要黄烷醇可能通过降低高热量饮食喂养大鼠的促血栓形成状态来改善内皮功能障碍，并发挥其降压作用。此外，肥胖相关代谢紊乱的改善也可能有助于其降压作用。
