Novotny T E, Pierce J P, Fiore M C, Davis R M
Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland 20857.
NCI Monogr. 1989(8):25-8.
Prevalence of smokeless tobacco use is reported for adults aged 21 years and older in the Adult Use of Tobacco Surveys, 1964-1986. Data from the 1986 survey on prevalence, beliefs, ages of initiation, and demographic correlates of use by males aged 17 years and older are also reported. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use declined slightly among persons aged 21 and older between 1966 and 1986. However, 5.2% of the males aged 17 and older used smokeless tobacco in 1986, and prevalence was highest among those 17 to 19 years old (8.2%). The median age of initiation for both products was 19 years. Smokeless tobacco use was most common among white men who were 1) living in the southeastern United States, 2) unemployed, and 3) in blue-collar or service/labor employment. Most users (77.4%) and nonusers (83.4%) believe that smokeless tobacco is a health hazard. Many current users (39.1%) had attempted to quit. Some current (6.4%) and former smokers (7.0%) have used smokeless tobacco as an aid to smoking cessation. National survey data such as these permit the identification of high-risk groups, so that interventions against smokeless tobacco use may be specifically targeted.
1964 - 1986年成人烟草使用调查中报告了21岁及以上成年人无烟烟草的使用 prevalence。还报告了1986年关于17岁及以上男性使用无烟烟草的 prevalence、信念、开始使用的年龄以及人口统计学相关因素的数据。1966年至1986年间，21岁及以上人群中无烟烟草的使用 prevalence略有下降。然而，1986年17岁及以上男性中有5.2%使用无烟烟草，17至19岁人群中的 prevalence最高(8.2%)。两种产品开始使用的中位年龄均为19岁。无烟烟草的使用在白人男性中最为常见，这些白人男性1)居住在美国东南部，2)失业，3)从事蓝领或服务/体力工作。大多数使用者(77.4%)和非使用者(83.4%)认为无烟烟草对健康有害。许多当前使用者(39.1%)曾试图戒烟。一些当前吸烟者(6.4%)和以前吸烟者(7.0%)曾使用无烟烟草来辅助戒烟。诸如此类的全国性调查数据有助于识别高危人群，以便针对无烟烟草的使用进行具体干预。 注：“prevalence”常见释义为“流行率；患病率；盛行” ，这里根据语境暂未准确翻译，保留英文以便结合语境理解。
