Suelter C S, Schvey N, Kelly N R, Shanks M, Thompson K A, Mehari R, Brady S, Yanovski S Z, Melby C L, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Yanovski J A, Shomaker L B
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Pediatr Obes. 2018 Jan;13(1):14-22. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12179. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
Sociocultural pressure to be thin is commonly reported by adolescents; yet, to what extent such pressure is associated with weight gain has not been evaluated longitudinally.
Examine whether pressure to be thin was positively associated with weight and fat gain in adolescents.
Participants were 196 healthy adolescent (age 15 ± 1 years old) girls (65%) and boys of varying weights (BMI 25 ± 7 kg/m ) studied at baseline and 1-year follow-up. At baseline, adolescents and their mothers reported pressure to be thin by questionnaire. At baseline and follow-up, BMI was calculated, and fat mass was assessed with air displacement plethysmography. Multiple regression was used to examine associations between baseline pressure to be thin and 1-year changes in BMI and fat mass.
Accounting for multiple covariates, including baseline BMI or fat, adolescent-reported pressure from parents and peers and mother-reported pressure toward their teen were associated with greater gains in either adolescent BMI or fat (ps < .05). Adolescent weight status was a moderator of multiple effects (ps < .05).
Parental and peer pressure to be thin were associated with increases in BMI and fat mass during adolescence, particularly in heavier adolescents. Further research is necessary to clarify how this association operates reciprocally and to identify underlying explanatory mechanisms.
青少年普遍表示存在追求瘦的社会文化压力；然而，这种压力与体重增加的关联程度尚未得到纵向评估。
研究追求瘦的压力是否与青少年体重和脂肪增加呈正相关。
研究对象为196名健康的青少年（年龄15±1岁），包括女孩（65%）和不同体重的男孩（体重指数25±7kg/m²），在基线和1年随访时进行研究。在基线时，青少年及其母亲通过问卷调查来报告追求瘦的压力。在基线和随访时，计算体重指数，并采用空气置换体积描记法评估脂肪量。使用多元回归分析来研究基线时追求瘦的压力与体重指数和脂肪量1年变化之间的关联。
在考虑包括基线体重指数或脂肪等多个协变量后，青少年报告的来自父母和同伴的压力以及母亲报告的对其孩子的压力，均与青少年体重指数或脂肪的更大增加相关（p值<0.05）。青少年的体重状况是多种效应的调节因素（p值<0.05）。
父母和同伴追求瘦的压力与青少年期体重指数和脂肪量增加有关，尤其是在体重较重的青少年中。有必要进一步研究以阐明这种关联如何相互作用，并确定潜在的解释机制。
