Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia.
J Evid Based Integr Med. 2021 Jan-Dec;26:2515690X211043738. doi: 10.1177/2515690X211043738.
Despite various strategies, overweight and obesity problems are still increasingly prevalent worldwide with serious health outcomes. Consequently, the continuous demand for more effective, safe and acceptable therapies for reducing body weight is also escalating-including complementary and alternative therapies (CATs). The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most commonly- and recently-used CATs, with evaluation of their safety and efficacy for weight loss. Electronic scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed and EBSCO Host were explored for articles that reported CATs for overweight and obesity treatment from 2015 to December 2019. Only systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English were included. Studies whereby CATs were not utilized for reducing body weight were excluded. Eight systematic reviews and meta-analyses and 11 additional RCTs with 765 participants (50.2% overweight and 49.8% obese) related to hypnotherapy, acupuncture and dietary supplements met the inclusion criteria. Their results suggested that spirulina, chitosan, probiotic, EPA + DHA, vitamin D, fiber, and herbal extract supplementation may all provide small reductions in body weight (ranging from 1-10 kg). Interestingly, hypnotherapy and acupuncture reported significantly greater reduction in body weight compared with placebo (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Nonetheless, the evidence is still relatively limited and not encouraging to provide a definitive conclusion due to the methodological shortcomings and the presence of adverse events in chitosan and fiber supplementation. Hence, studies of this nature need to be further replicated and improved to corroborate the efficacy and safety of the CATs to combat weight issues.
尽管采取了各种策略，但超重和肥胖问题在全球范围内仍日益普遍，并导致严重的健康后果。因此，人们对更有效、安全和可接受的减肥疗法的需求也在不断增加，包括补充和替代疗法（CATs）。本综述的目的是总结最常用和最近使用的 CATs，并评估其在减肥方面的安全性和有效性。通过 Scopus、PubMed 和 EBSCO Host 等电子科学数据库，检索了 2015 年至 2019 年 12 月期间报道超重和肥胖治疗中使用 CATs 的文章。仅纳入以英语发表的系统评价、荟萃分析和随机对照试验（RCT）。排除了未将 CAT 用于减轻体重的研究。有八项系统评价和荟萃分析以及十一项额外的 RCT 符合纳入标准，共涉及 765 名参与者（50.2%超重，49.8%肥胖），涉及催眠疗法、针灸和膳食补充剂。它们的结果表明，螺旋藻、壳聚糖、益生菌、EPA+DHA、维生素 D、纤维和草药提取物补充剂可能都能使体重略有减轻（范围为 1-10 公斤）。有趣的是，催眠疗法和针灸与安慰剂相比，体重减轻的幅度显著更大（分别为 p<0.001 和 p<0.0001）。然而，由于方法学上的缺陷以及壳聚糖和纤维补充剂存在不良反应，证据仍然相对有限，无法得出明确的结论。因此，需要进一步复制和改进这类研究，以证实 CATs 在解决体重问题方面的疗效和安全性。
