Takayama Yuko, Suzuki Eiko, Kobiyama Atsuko, Maruyama Akiko, Sera Yoshiko
Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation Science at Odawara, International University of Health and Welfare, Kanagawa, Japan.
Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2017 Jul;14(3):240-254. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12153. Epub 2016 Nov 11.
Burnout is a common feature among healthcare professionals; however, little systematic research exists on burnout among nurses who are raising children. The burnout-related factors among female nurses with children under the age of 3 years were identified in order to ascertain potential burnout prevention methods.
In total, 1681 nurses with children who worked at nine city hospitals in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, were sent the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey; 1173 nurses responded in June 2014. They were divided according to their sex and children's ages. A data analysis was undertaken for those female nurses with children who were aged under 3 years who provided valid responses (n = 158).
A number of factors related to burnout in female nurses with children aged under 3 years was found via a multiple regression analysis: irritation at being unable to attend to their own affairs, over 4-6 h of overtime work per week, having a child aged under 3 years as the first or second child, little sense of work fulfillment, using a childcare facility outside the workplace, dissatisfaction with their salary, feeling ill-qualified as a parent, and a sense of inadequate support.
Child care occurs during a limited period and appropriate support is needed. A workplace environment with no overtime work, a childcare facility in the workplace, and mental health support to reduce "feelings of irritation" and "feeling ill-qualified as a parent" could help to prevent burnout in female nurses with toddlers and infants.
职业倦怠是医疗保健专业人员的常见特征；然而，对于育有子女的护士的职业倦怠，系统性研究较少。本研究旨在确定3岁以下子女的女性护士中与职业倦怠相关的因素，以探寻潜在的预防方法。
向日本神奈川县9家城市医院的1681名育有子女的护士发放了马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务调查；2014年6月有1173名护士回复。根据性别和子女年龄进行分组。对3岁以下子女且回复有效的女性护士（n = 158）进行数据分析。
通过多元回归分析发现，3岁以下子女的女性护士职业倦怠的相关因素有：无法处理自身事务的烦躁情绪、每周加班超过4 - 6小时、头胎或二胎子女年龄在3岁以下、工作成就感低、使用工作场所以外的儿童保育设施、对薪资不满、觉得自己不是合格的父母以及支持感不足。
育儿期有限，需要适当的支持。营造无加班的工作环境、在工作场所设置儿童保育设施以及提供心理健康支持以减少“烦躁情绪”和“觉得自己不是合格的父母”的感觉，有助于预防育有婴幼儿的女性护士出现职业倦怠。
