[新世纪，新挑战：1990 - 2010年巴西疾病负担概况的变化]
[New century, new challenges: changes in the burden of disease profile in Brazil, 1990-2010].
作者信息
Marinho Fatima, Passos Valéria Maria de Azeredo, França Elisabeth Barboza
机构信息
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília-DF, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2016 Oct-Dec;25(4):713-724. doi: 10.5123/S1679-49742016000400005.
OBJECTIVE
to describe the burden of disease in Brazil from 1990 to 2010.
METHODS
analysis of the estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 - Years of Life Lost due to premature mortality (YLL), Years Lost due to Disability (YLD), Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY=YLL+YLD) and risk factors.
RESULTS
there was a decrease in deaths due to diarrhea and an increase in deaths due to diabetes and kidney disease, whilst deaths due to homicides and traffic accidents remained stable; cardiovascular diseases continued to be the leading cause of death despite a 30% reduction; the largest increases in DALY were due to diabetes and musculoskeletal diseases in women and alcohol abuse and low back pain in men; the main risk factors were poor diet and high blood pressure; smoking, domestic pollution and insufficient breastfeeding were found to have reduced.
CONCLUSION
the rapid epidemiological transition highlights the need to control infectious diseases and invest in reducing violence and non-communicable diseases.
目的
描述1990年至2010年巴西的疾病负担情况。
方法
分析《2010年全球疾病负担研究》的估计数据——因过早死亡导致的生命年损失（YLL）、因残疾导致的生命年损失（YLD）、残疾调整生命年（DALY = YLL + YLD）以及风险因素。
结果
腹泻导致的死亡人数有所下降，糖尿病和肾病导致的死亡人数有所增加，而凶杀和交通事故导致的死亡人数保持稳定；尽管心血管疾病导致的死亡人数减少了30%，但它仍是主要死因；女性中DALY增加最多的是糖尿病和肌肉骨骼疾病，男性中是酒精滥用和腰痛；主要风险因素是不良饮食和高血压；吸烟、家庭污染和母乳喂养不足有所减少。
结论
快速的流行病学转变凸显了控制传染病以及投资减少暴力和非传染性疾病的必要性。
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