Graduate Program in Health Care, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 29;16(1):e0246275. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246275. eCollection 2021.
Disability is negatively associated with the health of older adults, and it can be mediated by healthy lifestyles and behaviors throughout one's life. In this context, understanding the interrelationships between sedentary behavior, physical activity and functionality may assist in the implementation of effective public health actions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between both physical activity and sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults and the possible mediators. The variables analyzed were selected according to the content analysis of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health model, and included activity, participation, health conditions, body functions and structures, environmental factors and personal factors. 419 individuals participated in the study. Physical activity was directly associated with disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and the association was mediated by self-esteem, aerobic endurance, and agility/balance. Sedentary behavior was indirectly associated with IADL disability, and the association was mediated by aerobic resistance, nutritional status, and agility/balance. Regarding the basic activities of daily living (BADL), physical activity showed an indirect association mediated by aerobic resistance and IADL. The association of sedentary behavior with BADL was mediated by aerobic resistance and lower limb flexibility. These results reinforce the idea that functionality is multidimensional, and the mediating factors must be considered when strategies for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior are designed.
残疾与老年人的健康状况呈负相关，而健康的生活方式和行为可以贯穿人的一生来对其产生影响。在这种背景下，了解久坐行为、身体活动与功能之间的相互关系，可能有助于实施有效的公共卫生措施。因此，本研究旨在探讨老年人身体活动和久坐行为与功能之间的关系，以及可能存在的中介因素。分析的变量是根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》的内容分析选择的，包括活动、参与、健康状况、身体功能和结构、环境因素和个人因素。共有 419 人参与了这项研究。身体活动与日常生活活动的工具性活动（IADL）的残疾直接相关，这种关联是通过自尊、有氧耐力和敏捷/平衡来介导的。久坐行为与 IADL 残疾呈间接相关，这种关联是通过有氧耐力、营养状况和敏捷/平衡来介导的。在日常生活活动（BADL）方面，身体活动与 BADL 呈间接相关，其关联是通过有氧耐力来介导的。久坐行为与 BADL 的关联是通过有氧耐力和下肢柔韧性来介导的。这些结果进一步证实了功能是多维度的这一观点，在设计促进身体活动和减少久坐行为的策略时，必须考虑中介因素。
