Miller L J, Peckham P H, Keith M W
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1989 Jul;36(7):771-80. doi: 10.1109/10.32110.
A system has been designed to provide overhead reach in C5/6 quadriplegic subjects using functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) for control of the triceps muscle. The system uses the position of the arm in space as the input command, relieving the user from having to supply a conscious command signal. By measuring the position of the arm, the magnitude of the gravitational and passive torques opposing elbow extension can be calculated. This torque is counteracted by electrical activation of the triceps muscle, with the appropriate stimulus parameters determined from the recruitment characteristics of each electrode. Sufficient stimulus is applied to produce full elbow extension. Intermediate elbow angles are achieved using voluntary elbow flexor torque to counteract the effects of the stimulation. System performance was tested in two subjects. Subjects were asked to reach targets with and without stimulation, with loads up to 500 g in the hand. Using the FNS system, subjects were able to successfully reach the target positions above the horizontal that were inaccessible without stimulation.
已设计出一种系统，用于帮助C5/6四肢瘫痪患者实现上肢伸展，该系统利用功能性神经肌肉刺激（FNS）来控制肱三头肌。该系统将手臂在空间中的位置用作输入指令，从而使用户无需提供有意识的指令信号。通过测量手臂的位置，可以计算出对抗肘部伸展的重力和被动扭矩的大小。通过对肱三头肌进行电激活来抵消该扭矩，根据每个电极的募集特性确定合适的刺激参数。施加足够的刺激以实现肘部完全伸展。利用自愿的肘部屈肌扭矩来抵消刺激的影响，从而实现中间的肘部角度。在两名受试者身上测试了系统性能。要求受试者在有和没有刺激的情况下够到目标，手中负载高达500克。使用FNS系统，受试者能够成功够到水平以上那些在没有刺激时无法够到的目标位置。
