School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Agriculture Building, Columbia, Mo 65211, USA.
Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 23;6:37430. doi: 10.1038/srep37430.
The brown planthopper (BPH) is a devastating pest of rice throughout Asia. In this paper we document the BPH biogeographic range expansion in China over the 20-year period, 1992 to 2012. We posed the hypothesis that the range expansion is due to a syndrome of adaptations to the continuous presence of agricultural chemicals (insecticides and a fungicide) over the last 40 years. With respect to biogeography, BPH ranges have expanded by 13% from 1992 to 1997 and by another 3% from 1997 to 2012. In our view, such expansions may follow primarily from the enhancing effects of JGM, among other agricultural chemicals, and from global warming. JGM treatments led to increased thermotolerance, recorded as decreased mortality under heat stress at 40 ± 1 °C (down from 80% to 55%) and increased fecundity (by 49%) at 34 °C. At the molecular level, JGM treatments led to increased abundances of mRNA encoding Acetyl Co-A carboxylase (Acc) (up 25%) and Hsp70 (up 32%) in experimental BPH. RNAi silencing of Hsp70 and Acc eliminated the JGM effects on fecundity and silencing Hsp70 reduced JGM-induced thermotolerance. Integrated with global climate change scenarios, such syndromes in pest insect species have potential for regional- and global-scale agricultural disasters.
褐飞虱是亚洲稻区一种毁灭性的害虫。本文记录了 1992 年至 2012 年期间，褐飞虱在中国的生物地理范围扩大。我们假设这种范围的扩大是由于过去 40 年来连续存在农业化学品（杀虫剂和杀菌剂）的一系列适应性的结果。就生物地理学而言，褐飞虱的分布范围从 1992 年到 1997 年扩大了 13%，从 1997 年到 2012 年又扩大了 3%。在我们看来，这种扩张可能主要是由于 JGM 等农业化学品的增强作用以及全球变暖的影响。JGM 处理导致热耐受性增强，在 40±1°C 的热应激下死亡率降低（从 80%降至 55%），在 34°C 时繁殖力增加（增加 49%）。在分子水平上，JGM 处理导致编码乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶（Acc）的 mRNA 丰度增加（增加 25%）和热休克蛋白 70（Hsp70）（增加 32%）。RNAi 沉默 Hsp70 和 Acc 消除了 JGM 对繁殖力的影响，沉默 Hsp70 降低了 JGM 诱导的耐热性。与全球气候变化情景相结合，害虫昆虫物种中的这种综合征可能会对区域和全球农业灾害产生影响。
