Bozorgomid Arezoo, Hajipirloo Habib Mohammadzadeh, Tappeh Khosrow Hazrati, Nazari Naser, Karamati Seyed Ahmad, Shirooie Samira
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Road of Nazloo, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Shiroudi Blvrd., Daneshgah St., Kermanshah, Iran.
J Parasit Dis. 2016 Dec;40(4):1141-1145. doi: 10.1007/s12639-015-0731-8. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
Leishmaniasis is caused by intracellular parasites of species, which are transmitted by the bite of the sandfly. Recovery and protection against the infection depends on the induction of a strong Th1 type of immune response. Vaccination of mice with the opioid antagonist naloxone can promote the activation of the Th1 responses. We studied the efficacy of the mixture of naloxone and alum, as an adjuvant, to enhance immune responses and induce protection against infection in BALB/c as a susceptible mouse model. BALB/c mice were immunized with Ag-naloxone-alum, Ag-alum, Ag-naloxone or PBS subcutaneously three times at 2-week intervals. The humoral and cellular specific immune responses were assessed 2 weeks after the last immunization and compared with the control mice. Our results indicated that the administration of alum-naloxone as an adjuvant increased the capability of promastigote antigens to enhance lymphocyte proliferation, the levels of IFN-γ, and the IFN-γ/IL-5 ratio. The results of DTH showed that there were no significant differences in footpad swelling between the groups of immunized mice as compared with the non-vaccinated control group; however, no significant differences were observed in the survival rate among groups. It can be concluded that although immunization with the alum-naloxone mixture in combination with the autoclaved promastigote antigens could enhance cellular immunity and shift the immune response to a Th1 pattern, it could not protect the mice against infection.
利什曼病由利什曼原虫属的细胞内寄生虫引起，通过白蛉叮咬传播。对该感染的恢复和保护取决于诱导强烈的Th1型免疫反应。用阿片类拮抗剂纳洛酮给小鼠接种疫苗可促进Th1反应的激活。我们研究了纳洛酮与明矾的混合物作为佐剂增强免疫反应并在BALB/c这种易感小鼠模型中诱导针对感染的保护作用的效果。以2周的间隔对BALB/c小鼠皮下注射Ag-纳洛酮-明矾、Ag-明矾、Ag-纳洛酮或PBS，共三次。在最后一次免疫后2周评估体液和细胞特异性免疫反应，并与对照小鼠进行比较。我们的结果表明，作为佐剂给予明矾-纳洛酮可提高前鞭毛体抗原增强淋巴细胞增殖的能力、IFN-γ水平以及IFN-γ/IL-5比值。迟发型超敏反应结果显示，与未接种疫苗的对照组相比，免疫小鼠组之间的足垫肿胀没有显著差异；然而，各组之间的存活率没有观察到显著差异。可以得出结论，尽管用明矾-纳洛酮混合物与经高压灭菌的前鞭毛体抗原联合免疫可增强细胞免疫并将免疫反应转变为Th1模式，但它不能保护小鼠免受感染。
