Smart R G
Br J Addict. 1989 Jul;84(7):743-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb03053.x.
Examination is made of per capita alcohol consumption data for 33 (largely developed) countries for 4 periods of time--1951-1952, 1968-1970, 1974-1976 and 1983-1984. The trends indicate that there was a large increase in consumption between 1950-1952 and 1974-1976 in most countries. However, after 1974-1976, consumption stabilized or decreased in most. Declines appear to be more common in wine-drinking countries and in those with very high levels of consumption. The tendency for countries to have a dominant beverage has declined: the overall trend has been towards beer consumption and away from spirits consumption. Reasons for the results include demographic changes and life style changes towards greater interest in health.
对33个（主要是发达国家）国家在四个时间段——1951 - 1952年、1968 - 1970年、1974 - 1976年和1983 - 1984年的人均酒精消费数据进行了研究。趋势表明，在大多数国家，1950 - 1952年至1974 - 1976年期间消费量大幅增加。然而，1974 - 1976年之后，大多数国家的消费量趋于稳定或下降。在饮酒的国家和消费量非常高的国家，下降似乎更为常见。各国主要饮用一种饮料的趋势有所下降：总体趋势是转向啤酒消费，减少烈酒消费。这些结果的原因包括人口结构变化以及生活方式向更关注健康的方向转变。
