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媒体对一项关于自由意志的具有里程碑意义的神经科学实验的描绘。

Media Portrayal of a Landmark Neuroscience Experiment on Free Will.

作者信息

Racine Eric, Nguyen Valentin, Saigle Victoria, Dubljevic Veljko

机构信息

Neuroethics Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W lR7, Canada.

Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

出版信息

Sci Eng Ethics. 2017 Aug;23(4):989-1007. doi: 10.1007/s11948-016-9845-3. Epub 2016 Nov 23.

Abstract

The concept of free will has been heavily debated in philosophy and the social sciences. Its alleged importance lies in its association with phenomena fundamental to our understandings of self, such as autonomy, freedom, self-control, agency, and moral responsibility. Consequently, when neuroscience research is interpreted as challenging or even invalidating this concept, a number of heated social and ethical debates surface. We undertook a content analysis of media coverage of Libet's et al.'s (Brain 106(Pt 3):623-642, 1983) landmark study, which is frequently interpreted as posing a serious challenge to the existence of free will. Media descriptions of Libet et al.'s experiment provided limited details about the original study. Overall, many media articles reported that Libet et al.'s experiments undermined the existence of free will, despite acknowledging that several methodological limitations had been identified in the literature. A propensity to attribute greater credibility than warranted to neurobiological explanations could be at stake.

摘要

自由意志的概念在哲学和社会科学领域一直备受争议。其所谓的重要性在于它与我们理解自我的一些基本现象相关联,比如自主性、自由、自我控制、能动性和道德责任。因此,当神经科学研究被解读为对这一概念提出挑战甚至使其无效时,就会引发一系列激烈的社会和伦理辩论。我们对媒体对利贝特等人(《大脑》106(第3部分):623 - 642, 1983年)具有里程碑意义的研究的报道进行了内容分析,该研究常被解读为对自由意志的存在构成了严峻挑战。媒体对利贝特等人实验的描述提供的关于原始研究的细节有限。总体而言,许多媒体文章报道称,利贝特等人的实验破坏了自由意志的存在,尽管它们承认文献中已指出了若干方法上的局限性。一种给予神经生物学解释比其应得的更高可信度的倾向可能会受到影响。

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