Vera Maria, Biswas Jeetayu, Senecal Adrien, Singer Robert H, Park Hye Yoon
Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461; email:
Janelia Research Campus of the HHMI, Ashburn, Virginia 20147.
Annu Rev Genet. 2016 Nov 23;50:267-291. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-034854.
Recent advancements in single-cell and single-molecule imaging technologies have resolved biological processes in time and space that are fundamental to understanding the regulation of gene expression. Observations of single-molecule events in their cellular context have revealed highly dynamic aspects of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control in eukaryotic cells. This approach can relate transcription with mRNA abundance and lifetimes. Another key aspect of single-cell analysis is the cell-to-cell variability among populations of cells. Definition of heterogeneity has revealed stochastic processes, determined characteristics of under-represented cell types or transitional states, and integrated cellular behaviors in the context of multicellular organisms. In this review, we discuss novel aspects of gene expression of eukaryotic cells and multicellular organisms revealed by the latest advances in single-cell and single-molecule imaging technology.
单细胞和单分子成像技术的最新进展已在时间和空间上解析了对于理解基因表达调控至关重要的生物学过程。在细胞环境中对单分子事件的观察揭示了真核细胞中转录和转录后控制的高度动态方面。这种方法可以将转录与mRNA丰度和寿命联系起来。单细胞分析的另一个关键方面是细胞群体之间的细胞间变异性。异质性的定义揭示了随机过程，确定了代表性不足的细胞类型或过渡状态的特征，并在多细胞生物体的背景下整合了细胞行为。在本综述中，我们讨论了单细胞和单分子成像技术的最新进展所揭示的真核细胞和多细胞生物体基因表达的新方面。
