Northwestern University
Northwestern University.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2016 Nov;11(6):899-904. doi: 10.1177/1745691616663918.
Women are sparsely represented among psychologists honored for scientific eminence. However, most currently eminent psychologists started their careers when far fewer women pursued training in psychological science. Now that women earn the majority of psychology Ph.D.'s, will they predominate in the next generation's cadre of eminent psychologists? Comparing currently active female and male psychology professors on publication metrics such as the h index provides clues for answering this question. Men outperform women on the h index and its two components: scientific productivity and citations of contributions. To interpret these gender gaps, we first evaluate whether publication metrics are affected by gender bias in obtaining grant support, publishing papers, or gaining citations of published papers. We also consider whether women's chances of attaining eminence are compromised by two intertwined sets of influences: (a) gender bias stemming from social norms pertaining to gender and to science and (b) the choices that individual psychologists make in pursuing their careers.
在因科学卓越而获得荣誉的心理学家中，女性的代表性很少。然而，大多数目前杰出的心理学家在女性从事心理科学培训的人数少得多的时候开始了他们的职业生涯。既然女性获得了大多数心理学博士学位，她们是否会在下一代杰出心理学家中占据主导地位？通过比较目前活跃的女性和男性心理学教授在 h 指数等出版物指标上的表现，可以为回答这个问题提供线索。在 h 指数及其两个组成部分（科学生产力和贡献的引用）上，男性的表现优于女性。为了解释这些性别差距，我们首先评估出版指标是否受到获得资助、发表论文或获得已发表论文引用方面的性别偏见的影响。我们还考虑了女性获得卓越地位的机会是否因两组相互交织的影响而受到损害：（a）与性别和科学有关的社会规范所产生的性别偏见，以及（b）个体心理学家在追求职业时所做的选择。
