González-Álvarez Julio, Cervera-Crespo Teresa
Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I of Castellón, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Int J Psychol. 2019 Feb;54(1):135-143. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12433. Epub 2017 May 15.
Despite important advances made in recent decades, women are still underrepresented in science (less than 30% of authorships). This study presents a bibliometric analysis of all the Psychology articles published in 2009 included in the Web of Science database (Thomson Reuters) in order to examine the contribution of women in contemporary Psychology, their pattern of research collaboration, the scientific content and the scientific impact from a gender perspective. From a total of 90,067 authorships, gender could be identified in 74,413 (82.6%) of them, being 40,782 (54.8%) male authorships and 33,631 (45.2%) female authorships. These data corresponded to 24,477 (49.9%) individual men and 24,553 (50.1%) women, respectively. Therefore, Psychology presents gender parity in the number of authors, and a gender asymmetry in the number of authorships that it is much lower than in science in general and other specific scientific fields. In relative terms, women tend to be concentrated in the first position of the authorship by-line and much less in the last (senior) position. This double pattern suggests that age probably plays a role in (partly) explaining the slight gender disparity of authorships.
尽管近几十年来取得了重要进展，但女性在科学界的代表性仍然不足（作者署名比例不到30%）。本研究对汤森路透科学网数据库中收录的2009年发表的所有心理学文章进行了文献计量分析，以便从性别角度审视女性在当代心理学中的贡献、她们的研究合作模式、科学内容和科学影响力。在总共90,067个作者署名中，74,413个（82.6%）可以确定性别，其中男性作者署名40,782个（54.8%），女性作者署名33,631个（45.2%）。这些数据分别对应24,477名（49.9%）男性个体和24,553名（50.1%）女性个体。因此，心理学在作者数量上呈现出性别平等，而在作者署名数量上存在性别不对称，且这种不对称远低于一般科学领域和其他特定科学领域。相对而言，女性往往集中在作者署名行的首位，而在末位（资深）的情况则少得多。这种双重模式表明，年龄可能在（部分）解释作者署名的轻微性别差异方面发挥了作用。
