Hearld Kristine Ria, Badham Amy, Budhwani Henna
Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 563 School of Health Professions Building, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 517E Ryals Public Health Building, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
J Relig Health. 2017 Aug;56(4):1155-1169. doi: 10.1007/s10943-016-0330-8.
Substance use and abuse, which includes alcohol use, alcohol dependence, drug use, and drug dependence, inflicts a substantial toll on Americans. Although studies have demonstrated the protective effect of social support, such as religious participation and via marriage, understanding their influence on racial and ethnic minorities is limited. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the impact of social support on substance use and abuse in racial and ethnic minorities. The Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys, sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health, a repository of race, ethnicity, and mental health data, was leveraged to develop four models using multivariate analysis, specifically logistic regression to estimate the probability of meeting the criteria for substance use and abuse. Racial and ethnic minorities were found to have lower rates of substance use and abuse compared to Whites, and foreign-born individuals were consistently less likely to use or abuse substances compared to American-born minorities. Mental health conditions were highly associated with substance use and abuse, and social support by way of religious participation and marriage was protective against substance use and abuse. In racial and ethnic minorities, nativity and social support were protective against substance use and abuse; however, these protective factors did not completely eliminate risk. Thus, although race and ethnicity are important to understanding health outcomes and health behaviors, such as substance use and abuse, it is the intersection of multiple factors, representing internal and external forces, which may be more informative and offer a more comprehensive picture of the landscape influencing drug and alcohol use and dependence. Targeted interventions should consider leveraging religious spaces and bilingual materials when attempting to reach racial and ethnic minorities.
物质使用与滥用，包括酒精使用、酒精依赖、药物使用和药物依赖，给美国人造成了巨大损失。尽管研究已经证明了社会支持的保护作用，比如宗教参与和婚姻带来的支持，但对于它们对少数种族和族裔的影响，人们的了解还很有限。因此，本研究的目的是评估社会支持对少数种族和族裔物质使用与滥用的影响。由美国国立精神卫生研究所赞助的协作精神病流行病学调查是一个种族、族裔和心理健康数据的资料库，利用该资料库，通过多变量分析，特别是逻辑回归来估计达到物质使用与滥用标准的概率，从而建立了四个模型。研究发现与白人相比，少数种族和族裔的物质使用与滥用率较低，并且与美国出生的少数族裔相比，外国出生的人使用或滥用物质的可能性一直较低。心理健康状况与物质使用和滥用高度相关，通过宗教参与和婚姻获得的社会支持对物质使用和滥用具有保护作用。在少数种族和族裔中，出生地和社会支持对物质使用和滥用具有保护作用；然而，这些保护因素并没有完全消除风险。因此，尽管种族和族裔对于理解健康结果和健康行为（如物质使用和滥用）很重要，但可能是多种因素的相互作用，代表着内部和外部力量，更能提供信息，并更全面地描绘影响药物和酒精使用及依赖的情况。在试图接触少数种族和族裔时，有针对性的干预措施应考虑利用宗教场所和双语材料。
