Hansen Bernie, Vigani Alessio
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
North Carolina State Veterinary Hospital, North Carolina State University, 1052 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2017 Mar;47(2):383-395. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.001. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
The goal of maintenance fluid therapy in small animals is to replace normal ongoing losses of water and salts when oral intake is withheld. Hospitalized dogs and cats may have multiple stimuli for antidiuretic hormone release that disrupt normal osmoregulation and predispose to water retention. Severe illness promotes retention of both sodium and water as edema. Commercially available fluids have electrolyte concentrations that are very different from dietary maintenance requirements, and potential consequences include development of hypoosmolality, edema, or both when excesses of water or sodium are administered. Suggestions for tailoring fluid administration toward specific goals are provided.
小动物维持性液体疗法的目标是在无法经口摄入时，补充正常持续丢失的水分和盐分。住院的犬猫可能有多种刺激抗利尿激素释放的因素，这些因素会破坏正常的渗透压调节并易导致水潴留。严重疾病会促使钠和水潴留形成水肿。市售液体的电解质浓度与饮食维持需求有很大差异，当给予过量的水或钠时，可能会导致低渗、水肿或两者皆有。本文提供了针对特定目标调整液体给药的建议。
