Haese Nicole N, Broeckel Rebecca M, Hawman David W, Heise Mark T, Morrison Thomas E, Streblow Daniel N
Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton.
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.
J Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 15;214(suppl 5):S482-S487. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw284.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a reemerging alphavirus that causes acute febrile illness and severe joint pain in humans. Although acute symptoms often resolve within a few days, chronic joint and muscle pain can be long lasting. In the last decade, CHIKV has caused widespread outbreaks of unprecedented scale in the Americas, Asia, and the Indian Ocean island regions. Despite these outbreaks and the continued expansion of CHIKV into new areas, mechanisms of chikungunya pathogenesis and disease are not well understood. Experimental animal models are indispensable to the field of CHIKV research. The most commonly used experimental animal models of CHIKV infection are mice and nonhuman primates; each model has its advantages for studying different aspects of CHIKV disease. This review will provide an overview of animal models used to study CHIKV infection and disease and major advances in our understanding of chikungunya obtained from studies performed in these models.
基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）是一种再度出现的甲病毒，可导致人类急性发热疾病和严重关节疼痛。虽然急性症状通常在几天内消退，但慢性关节和肌肉疼痛可能会持续很长时间。在过去十年中，基孔肯雅病毒在美洲、亚洲和印度洋岛屿地区引发了前所未有的大规模疫情。尽管出现了这些疫情，且基孔肯雅病毒不断向新地区扩散，但人们对基孔肯雅热的发病机制和疾病了解并不充分。实验动物模型在基孔肯雅病毒研究领域不可或缺。最常用的基孔肯雅病毒感染实验动物模型是小鼠和非人类灵长类动物；每种模型在研究基孔肯雅病毒疾病的不同方面都有其优势。本综述将概述用于研究基孔肯雅病毒感染和疾病的动物模型，以及通过在这些模型中进行的研究，我们对基孔肯雅热的认识所取得的主要进展。
