Agraz-Cibrian Juan Manuel, Giraldo Diana M, Mary Fafutis-Morris, Urcuqui-Inchima Silvio
Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Virus Res. 2017 Jan 15;228:124-133. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.11.033. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the most abundant cells in the context of innate immunity; they are one of the first cells to arrive at the site of viral infection constituting the first line of defense in response to invading pathogens. Indeed, neutrophils are provided with several defense mechanisms including release of cytokines, cytotoxic granules and the last recently described neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The main components of NETs are DNA, granular antimicrobial peptides, and nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, that together play an important role in the innate immune response. While NETs were first described as a mechanism against bacteria and fungi, recently, several studies are beginning to elucidate how NETs are involved in the host antiviral response and the prominent characteristics of this new mechanism are discussed in the present review.
多形核中性粒细胞（PMNs）是固有免疫中数量最多的细胞；它们是最早到达病毒感染部位的细胞之一，构成了抵御入侵病原体的第一道防线。事实上，中性粒细胞具备多种防御机制，包括细胞因子释放、细胞毒性颗粒以及最近才被描述的中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（NETs）。NETs的主要成分是DNA、颗粒性抗菌肽以及核蛋白和胞质蛋白，它们共同在固有免疫反应中发挥重要作用。虽然NETs最初被描述为一种对抗细菌和真菌的机制，但最近，一些研究开始阐明NETs如何参与宿主抗病毒反应，本综述将讨论这一新机制的显著特征。
