Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Molecules. 2018 Sep 5;23(9):2261. doi: 10.3390/molecules23092261.
This study is focused on the comparison and classification of parsley, lovage, basil, and thyme essential oils (EOs) based on their chemical composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities by using appropriate chemometric methods: Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results showed that parsley, lovage, and thyme EOs are rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons, but basil EO is rich in oxygenated monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids, and that both PCA and HCA separated essential oils into two main groups of which one contains two sub-groups. β-Phellandrene was the major component identified in parsley and lovage EOs, estragole was the major component in basil EO, and -cymene was the major component in thyme EO. Thyme EO showed the highest level of total phenolics, the highest antioxidant capacity, and exhibited the stronger antibacterial activity, results that were emphasized by both chemometric methods used. Among tested essential oils, the one of parsley was distinguished by a low total TPC, weak antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against (ATCC 13076); lovage EO by low TPC, weak antioxidant activity, but moderate antibacterial activity; and basil EO by low TPC, moderate antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against (ATCC 19114).
主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析（HCA），比较和分类欧芹、独活草、罗勒和百里香精油（EOs），依据它们的化学成分、总酚含量、抗氧化和抗菌活性。结果表明，欧芹、独活草和百里香 EO 富含单萜烃，但罗勒 EO 富含含氧单萜和苯丙素，PCA 和 HCA 将精油分为两个主要组，其中一个包含两个亚组。β-水芹烯是欧芹和独活草 EO 的主要成分，大茴香脑是罗勒 EO 的主要成分，-柠檬烯是百里香 EO 的主要成分。百里香 EO 表现出最高水平的总酚、最高的抗氧化能力，并表现出较强的抗菌活性，这两种化学计量学方法都强调了这一点。在所测试的精油中，欧芹精油的总 TPC 较低，抗氧化活性较弱，对 （ATCC 13076）的抗菌活性较弱；独活草 EO 的总 TPC 较低，抗氧化活性较弱，但抗菌活性适中；罗勒 EO 的总 TPC 较低，抗氧化活性适中，对 （ATCC 19114）的抗菌活性较弱。
