Purcell Catherine, Wilmut Kate, Wann John P
School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Treforest CF37 1DL, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom.
Hum Mov Sci. 2017 Jun;53:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.11.007. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
The ability to safely cross a road is a perceptual-motor skill that involves coordination between a pedestrian's perception of the approaching vehicles and their locomotive capability to execute the road crossing action. Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a chronic disorder that is characterised by significant motor difficulties that impact on daily living, including a reduced ability to perform visually guided actions. A total of 25 typically developing primary school aged children and 25 age- and gender-matched children with DCD were presented with a virtual desktop task that required them to select suitable temporal crossing gaps between vehicles a stream of traffic approaching at either 20mph, 30mph or 40mph from the near-side (one-lane) or both near+far-sides (two-lane). A best-PEST staircase procedure was used to measure the temporal gaps that children accepted and the maximum likelihood value was taken after nine reversals as each participant's threshold. Typically developing children accepted temporal gaps that were sufficient to execute a safe crossing for vehicles approaching at 20mph and 30mph, but insufficient for vehicles approaching at 40mph. In contrast, children with DCD selected insufficient temporal crossing gaps across all approach speeds, which if translated to the roadside would have resulted in collision. These findings add to our understanding of the difficulties that children with DCD appear to have with visually guided behaviour and suggest the potential impact on one aspect of daily functioning that could have significant consequences.
安全过马路的能力是一种感知运动技能，它涉及行人对接近车辆的感知与他们执行过马路动作的运动能力之间的协调。发育性协调障碍（DCD）是一种慢性疾病，其特征是存在严重的运动困难，影响日常生活，包括执行视觉引导动作的能力下降。共有25名发育正常的小学适龄儿童和25名年龄及性别匹配的患有DCD的儿童参与了一项虚拟桌面任务，该任务要求他们在以20英里/小时、30英里/小时或40英里/小时的速度从近侧（单车道）或近侧+远侧（双车道）驶来的车流中选择合适的过马路时间间隔。采用最佳PEST阶梯程序来测量儿童接受的时间间隔，并在九次反转后将最大似然值作为每个参与者的阈值。发育正常的儿童接受的时间间隔足以让以20英里/小时和30英里/小时速度驶来的车辆安全通过，但不足以让以40英里/小时速度驶来的车辆通过。相比之下，患有DCD的儿童在所有接近速度下选择的过马路时间间隔都不足，如果在路边实施，这将导致碰撞。这些发现加深了我们对患有DCD的儿童在视觉引导行为方面所面临困难的理解，并表明这可能对日常生活的一个方面产生潜在影响，而这可能会带来重大后果。
