de Oliveira Campos Renata, Lima Sara Cristina Rebouças, de Souza Braga Filho Jair, de Jesus Joice Santos, Anunciação Sara Moreira, Martins Gabriela Flor, de Jesus Lorena Maia, Dos Anjos Santana Aline, de Oliveira Souza Vanessa Cristina, Júnior Fernando Barbosa, Ramos Helton Estrela
Health and Science Center, Federal University of Bahia Reconcavo, BA, Santo Antonio de Jesus, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Dec;199(12):4423-4429. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02571-4. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
Iodine deficiency (ID) is recognized as a leading risk factor for child development. Universal salt iodization (USI) is an effective and well-established intervention strategy for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). To evaluate the levels of iodine in household salt samples and the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 years in public schools in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1231 students (6 to 14 years old) from 17 public schools in Bahia. The iodine concentration was evaluated in salt and UIC samples. The adapted Sandell-Kolthoff reaction was used to determine urinary iodine levels. A spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) was used to examine the reduction of ceric ammonium sulfate. A standard iodine solution using a potassium iodate was used to extrapolate the iodine concentrations. The total of 665 salt samples had a median iodine concentration of 24 mg/kg (25th-75th percentile 17.0 to 28.5 mg/kg). The largest proportion (79.6%) of salt samples had iodine concentration in the recommended range, 17.6% of the samples presented iodine at a salt concentration below the established level (<15 mg/kg) and a small proportion was above it (2.8%). The general mean urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) was 217.53 ± 28.30 μg/L and median was 205.50 μg/L. The students evaluated and the salt samples analyzed showed satisfactory results, as recommended by Brazilian legislation and nutritional recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO).
碘缺乏被认为是儿童发育的主要风险因素。全民食盐加碘（USI）是预防碘缺乏病（IDD）的一种有效且成熟的干预策略。为评估巴西巴伊亚州公立学校6至14岁学童家庭食盐样本中的碘含量以及尿碘浓度（UIC）。对来自巴伊亚州17所公立学校的1231名学生（6至14岁）进行了一项横断面研究。对食盐和UIC样本中的碘浓度进行了评估。采用改良的桑德尔-科尔托夫反应来测定尿碘水平。使用分光光度计（紫外可见）检测硫酸铈铵的还原情况。使用碘酸钾标准碘溶液来推算碘浓度。总共665个食盐样本的碘浓度中位数为24毫克/千克（第25至75百分位数为17.0至28.5毫克/千克）。最大比例（79.6%）的食盐样本碘浓度在推荐范围内，17.6%的样本食盐碘浓度低于既定水平（<15毫克/千克），一小部分高于该水平（2.8%）。尿碘浓度总体均值（MUIC）为217.53±28.30微克/升，中位数为205.50微克/升。根据巴西立法和世界卫生组织（WHO）的营养建议，所评估的学生和所分析的食盐样本显示出令人满意的结果。
