Park Jae Hyon, Theodoratou Evropi, Calin George A, Shin Jae Il
Yonsei University, College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Usher Institute of Population Health and Informatics, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, UK.
Oncoimmunology. 2016 Sep 9;5(11):e1230579. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1230579. eCollection 2016.
Recently, the study of microRNAs has expanded our knowledge of the fundamental processes of cancer biology and the underlying mechanisms behind tumor metastasis. Extensive research in the fields of microRNA and its novel mechanisms of actions against various cancers has more recently led to the trial of a first cancer-targeted microRNA drug, MRX34. Yet, these microRNAs are mostly being studied and clinically trialed solely based on the understanding of their cell biologic effects, thus, neglecting the important immunologic effects that are sometimes opposite of the cell biologic effects. Here, we summarize both the cell biologic and immunologic effects of various microRNAs and discuss the importance of considering both effects before using them in clinical settings. We stress the importance of understanding the miRNA's effect on cancer metastasis from a "systems" perspective before developing a miRNA-targeted therapeutic in treating cancer metastasis.
最近，对微小RNA的研究扩展了我们对癌症生物学基本过程以及肿瘤转移背后潜在机制的认识。在微小RNA领域及其针对各种癌症的新作用机制方面的广泛研究，最近导致了首个癌症靶向微小RNA药物MRX34的试验。然而，这些微小RNA大多仅基于对其细胞生物学效应的理解进行研究和临床试验，因此忽略了有时与细胞生物学效应相反的重要免疫效应。在此，我们总结了各种微小RNA的细胞生物学和免疫效应，并讨论了在临床应用前考虑这两种效应的重要性。我们强调在开发针对微小RNA的治疗方法以治疗癌症转移之前，从“系统”角度理解微小RNA对癌症转移影响的重要性。
