Vetchinkina Elena, Shirokov Alexandr, Bucharskaya Alla, Navolokin Nikita, Prilepskii Artur, Burov Andrey, Maslyakova Galina, Nikitina Valentina E
Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russia.
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Razumovsky State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Saratov, Russia.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2016;18(11):955-964. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v18.i11.10.
Aqueous extracts from the vegetative submerged mycelia of cultivated Basidiomycetes Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus edodes, and Grifola frondosa, as well as from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum, were found to have antitumor activity. The antitumor effect of the mycelial extracts from all 3 fungal species was ascertained in vivo in rats with implanted kidney cancer. Dystrophic changes in tumor cells and tumor necrosis (up to 90%) were noted. In vitro cytotoxicity studies of the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and HEp-2 human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma cells showed that the extracts from the G. lucidum fruiting bodies and from the L. edodes vegetative mycelium were the most effective. The animals' immune systems were activated, and the fungal extracts displayed no toxicity when administered orally.
已发现，栽培的担子菌灵芝、香菇和云芝的营养性 submerged 菌丝体以及灵芝子实体的水提取物具有抗肿瘤活性。在植入肾癌的大鼠体内确定了所有 3 种真菌菌丝体提取物的抗肿瘤作用。观察到肿瘤细胞的营养不良性变化和肿瘤坏死（高达 90%）。对 A549 人肺腺癌细胞系和 HEp-2 人喉表皮样癌细胞的体外细胞毒性研究表明，灵芝子实体提取物和香菇营养菌丝体提取物最为有效。动物的免疫系统被激活，口服真菌提取物时未显示出毒性。
