Sardaro Ruggiero, Pieragostini Elisa, Rubino Giuseppe, Petazzi Ferruccio
DETO - Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari, Italy.
DETO - Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari, Italy.
Prev Vet Med. 2017 Jan 1;136:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.11.013. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
A recent study on paratubercolosis in semi-extensive dairy sheep and goat farms in Apulia revealed a flock positivity of 60.5% and a seroprevalence of 3.0% for sheep and 14.5% for goat, with peaks of 50%. In such a context, providing detailed economic information is crucial for the implementation of a suitable control plan. In this paper we investigated the impact of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) on profit efficiency of the Apulian dairy sheep and goat farms. Empirical results through a stochastic frontier model showed that the uninfected farms had a mean level of profit efficiency of 84%, which dropped to 64% in the presence of paratubercolosis as it negatively affected the productivity of feeding, veterinary and labour factors. Structural, managerial and production aspects were involved in the greater inefficiency of the infected farms compared to the uninfected ones: lower experience and schooling of farmers, no access to credit, fewer family members (women in particular) participating in the farming activities, high density of animals per hectare, small flocks, high number of goats in mixed flocks, no confinement practices for young and purchased animals and no pasture rotation. Hence, targeted interventions on these factors by decision makers can ensure effectiveness and efficiency to veterinary and economic action plans.
最近一项关于普利亚半粗放式奶羊和奶山羊农场副结核病的研究显示，羊群的阳性率为60.5%，绵羊的血清阳性率为3.0%，山羊为14.5%，峰值为50%。在这种情况下，提供详细的经济信息对于实施合适的控制计划至关重要。在本文中，我们调查了鸟分枝杆菌副结核亚种（MAP）对普利亚奶羊和奶山羊农场利润效率的影响。通过随机前沿模型得出的实证结果表明，未感染的农场平均利润效率水平为84%，在存在副结核病的情况下降至64%，因为它对饲料、兽医和劳动力因素的生产力产生了负面影响。与未感染农场相比，感染农场效率更低涉及结构、管理和生产方面的因素：农民经验和受教育程度较低、无法获得信贷、参与养殖活动的家庭成员（尤其是女性）较少、每公顷动物密度高、羊群规模小、混养羊群中山羊数量多、对幼畜和购买的动物没有圈养措施以及没有轮牧。因此，决策者针对这些因素进行有针对性的干预可以确保兽医和经济行动计划的有效性和效率。
