Zhang Ting, Zhang Houjin
MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Jan 24;10(2):261. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10020261.
Soil pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems globally due to the weak self-purification ability, long degradation time, and high cost of cleaning soil pollution. The pollutants in the soil can be transported into the human body through water or dust, causing adverse effects on human health. The latest research has shown that the clean-up of soil pollutants through microbial consortium is a very promising method. This review provides an in-depth discussion on the efficient removal, bio-adsorption, or carbonated precipitation of organic and inorganic pollutants by the microbial consortium, including PAHs, BPS, BPF, crude oil, pyrene, DBP, DOP, TPHP, PHs, butane, DON, TC, Mn, and Cd. In view of the good degradation ability of the consortium compared to single strains, six different synergistic mechanisms and corresponding microorganisms are summarized. The microbial consortium obtains such activities through enhancing synergistic degradation, reducing the accumulation of intermediate products, generating the crude enzyme, and self-regulating, etc. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency of pollutants can be greatly improved by adding chemical materials such as the surfactants Tween 20, Tween 80, and SDS. This review provides insightful information regarding the application of microbial consortia for soil pollutant removal.
由于土壤自净能力弱、降解时间长以及土壤污染清理成本高，土壤污染是全球最严重的环境问题之一。土壤中的污染物可通过水或灰尘进入人体，对人类健康产生不利影响。最新研究表明，通过微生物群落清理土壤污染物是一种非常有前景的方法。本文综述深入探讨了微生物群落对有机和无机污染物（包括多环芳烃、双酚S、双酚F、原油、芘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、磷酸三苯酯、酚类、丁烷、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、总碳、锰和镉）的高效去除、生物吸附或碳酸盐沉淀。鉴于群落相较于单一菌株具有良好的降解能力，总结了六种不同的协同机制及相应微生物。微生物群落通过增强协同降解、减少中间产物积累、产生粗酶以及自我调节等方式获得此类活性。此外，添加吐温20、吐温80和十二烷基硫酸钠等表面活性剂等化学物质可大大提高污染物的降解效率。本文综述提供了有关微生物群落用于去除土壤污染物的有见地的信息。
