Velázquez-Guadarrama Norma, Olivares-Cervantes Alma L, Salinas Eva, Martínez Leticia, Escorcia Magdalena, Oropeza Ricardo, Rosas Irma
Laboratorio de Infectología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México, DF 06720, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Infectología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México, DF 06720, Mexico.
Rev Argent Microbiol. 2017 Jan-Mar;49(1):15-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ram.2016.08.006. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) are opportunistic pathogens carrying various mechanisms of resistance that have a large number of virulence factors, and whose ability to induce illness is associated with the host. This study aimed to investigate the presence of environmental coagulase-positive staphylococci, their susceptibility profile, clonal relationship and ability to form biofilm. The 16S rRNA genes from CoPS isolates were analyzed, and their antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using the agar dilution method in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The clonal profile was obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and biofilm formation was measured by a crystal violet retention assay. A total of 72 Staphylococcus spp. strains were isolated from air, metal surfaces, and nostrils from humans, dogs, cats, and birds. Three species were identified: Staphylococcus aureus (17%), Staphylococcus intermedius (63%), and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (21%). Ninety three percent (93%) of the strains were resistant to at least one of 13 tested antibiotics. S. pseudintermedius strains were the only resistant ones to methicillin while most of these isolates were multidrug-resistant, had significantly higher ability to form biofilm and PFGE grouped into seven different patterns, without showing clonal dispersion among animals and environmental isolates. This study suggests that dogs, cat, and air are environmental sources potentially carrying multidrug-resistant S. pseudintermedius, which survives in different environments through biofilm formation and multidrug resistance, characteristics that can be transmitted horizontally to other bacteria and exacerbate the problem of antibiotic resistance in humans.
凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌（CoPS）是机会致病菌，具有多种耐药机制，拥有大量毒力因子，其致病能力与宿主相关。本研究旨在调查环境中凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌的存在情况、药敏谱、克隆关系及形成生物膜的能力。分析了CoPS分离株的16S rRNA基因，并根据临床和实验室标准协会指南，采用琼脂稀释法评估其抗生素敏感性。通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）获得克隆图谱，并用结晶紫保留试验测定生物膜形成情况。共从空气、金属表面以及人类、狗、猫和鸟类的鼻孔中分离出72株葡萄球菌属菌株。鉴定出三个菌种：金黄色葡萄球菌（17%）、中间葡萄球菌（63%）和伪中间葡萄球菌（21%）。93%的菌株对13种受试抗生素中的至少一种耐药。伪中间葡萄球菌菌株是唯一对甲氧西林耐药的菌株，这些分离株大多具有多重耐药性，形成生物膜的能力显著更高，PFGE分为七种不同模式，在动物和环境分离株之间未显示出克隆扩散。本研究表明，狗、猫和空气是潜在携带多重耐药伪中间葡萄球菌的环境来源，该菌通过形成生物膜和多重耐药性在不同环境中存活，这些特性可水平传播给其他细菌，加剧人类抗生素耐药性问题。
