Zhang Xiaolan, Li Xiaojing, Jing Ye, Fang Xiangming, Zhang Xinyu, Lei Bingli, Yu Yingxin
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
Shanghai Huangpu Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, 200020, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Mar;222:267-275. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.046. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a high-priority public health concern. However, maternal to fetal transplacental transfer of PAHs has not been systematically studied. To investigate the transplacental transfer of PAHs from mother to fetus and determine the influence of lipophilicity (octanol-water partition coefficient, K) on transfer process, in the present study, we measured the concentrations of 15 PAHs in 95 paired maternal and umbilical cord serum, and placenta samples (in total 285 samples) collected in Shanghai, China. The average concentration of total PAHs was the highest in maternal serums (1290 ng g lipid), followed by umbilical cord serums (1150 ng g lipid). The value was the lowest in placenta samples (673 ng g lipid). Low molecular weight PAHs were the predominant compounds in the three matrices. Increases in fish and meat consumption did not lead to increases in maternal PAH levels, and no obvious gender differences in umbilical cord serums were observed. The widespread presence of PAHs in umbilical cord serums indicated the occurrence of transplacental transfer. The ratios of PAH concentrations in umbilical cord serum to those in maternal serum (F/M) and the concentrations in placenta to those in maternal serum (P/M) of paired samples were analyzed to characterize the transfer process of individual PAHs. Most F/M ratios on lipid basis were close to one (range: 0.79 to 1.36), which suggested that passive diffusion may control the transplacental transfer of PAHs from maternal serum to the fetal circulation. The P/M and F/M values calculated on lipid basis showed that PAHs with lower K were more likely to transfer from mother to fetus via the placenta.
产前暴露于多环芳烃（PAHs）是一个高度优先的公共卫生问题。然而，PAHs从母体到胎儿的胎盘转运尚未得到系统研究。为了研究PAHs从母体到胎儿的胎盘转运，并确定亲脂性（正辛醇-水分配系数，K）对转运过程的影响，在本研究中，我们测量了在中国上海收集的95对母婴血清和胎盘样本（共285个样本）中15种PAHs的浓度。总PAHs的平均浓度在母体血清中最高（1290 ng/g脂质），其次是脐带血清（1150 ng/g脂质）。该值在胎盘样本中最低（673 ng/g脂质）。低分子量PAHs是这三种基质中的主要化合物。鱼肉消费量的增加并未导致母体PAH水平升高，且在脐带血清中未观察到明显的性别差异。PAHs在脐带血清中的广泛存在表明发生了胎盘转运。分析配对样本中脐带血清与母体血清中PAH浓度之比（F/M）以及胎盘与母体血清中PAH浓度之比（P/M），以表征个体PAHs的转运过程。大多数基于脂质的F/M比值接近1（范围：0.79至1.36），这表明被动扩散可能控制PAHs从母体血清到胎儿循环的胎盘转运。基于脂质计算的P/M和F/M值表明，K值较低的PAHs更有可能通过胎盘从母体转移到胎儿。
