Gu Binxian, Jiang Suqin, Wang Haikun, Wang Zibo, Jia Renfu, Yang Jie, He Sheng, Cheng Rong
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Waste Manag. 2017 Mar;61:67-77. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.039. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a heterogeneous waste stream, which is harmful for human health and the ecological environment if it is not well managed. Based on results from different authors by analyzing the generation, physical components and management of MSW from different cities, this paper presents an overview of the temporal trends and spatial variation characterization of MSW generation and its physical components in China. Total MSW generation has increased from 31,320 thousand tons in 1980 to 178,602 thousand tons in 2014, and MSW generation per capita has also increased from 448.3g to 653.2g. The distribution of MSW generation is mostly concentrated in the coastal southeastern region, as well as large point sources of more than 200 thousand tons per year are mostly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei and Guangdong provinces. The review shows that the largest proportion of food waste, plastics and paper is 61.2% (54.2-65.9%, 95% CI), 9.8% (7.2-14.0%, 95% CI), 9.6% (6.7-12.3%, 95% CI), respectively, in 2014; the best estimates of other waste were as follows: 3.1% textile, 2.1% glass, 1.1% metal, 1.8% wood and grass, 1.3% rubber and leather, 1.8% ceramic, 2.5% ash, 1.2% hazardous waste, and 4.5% miscellaneous. To better manage China's MSW, several possible and appropriate solutions (e.g., concentrating on key regions, intensifying source separation, promoting green lifestyle, and establishing specialized regulations and policies) should be adopted, which might facilitate the application of China's 13th Five, and identify gaps in our knowledge of MSW management subject.
城市固体废弃物（MSW）是一种成分复杂的废物流，如果管理不善，会对人类健康和生态环境造成危害。基于不同作者对不同城市MSW的产生、物理成分及管理情况进行分析的结果，本文概述了中国MSW产生量及其物理成分的时间趋势和空间变化特征。MSW总产生量从1980年的3132万吨增加到2014年的17860.2万吨，人均MSW产生量也从448.3克增加到653.2克。MSW产生量的分布大多集中在东南沿海地区，且每年产生量超过20万吨的大型源点大多分布在江苏、浙江、山东、河北和广东省。综述表明，2014年食品垃圾、塑料和纸张的最大占比分别为61.2%（54.2 - 65.9%，95%置信区间）、9.8%（7.2 - 14.0%，95%置信区间）、9.6%（6.7 - 12.3%，95%置信区间）；其他废弃物的最佳估计占比情况如下：纺织品3.1%、玻璃2.1%、金属1.1%、木材和草1.8%、橡胶和皮革1.3%、陶瓷1.8%、灰分2.5%、危险废物1.2%以及其他4.5%。为了更好地管理中国的MSW，应采取若干可行且合适的解决方案（例如，聚焦重点区域、加强源头分类、推广绿色生活方式以及制定专门的法规和政策），这可能有助于中国“十三五”规划的实施，并找出我们在MSW管理主题知识方面的差距。
