Rad Maryam Alsadat, Tijjani Auwal Shehu, Ahmad Mohd Ridzuan, Auwal Shehu Muhammad
Department of Control and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Sensors (Basel). 2016 Dec 23;17(1):14. doi: 10.3390/s17010014.
This paper proposes a new technique for real-time single cell stiffness measurement using lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-integrated buckling nanoneedles. The PZT and the buckling part of the nanoneedle have been modelled and validated using the ABAQUS software. The two parts are integrated together to function as a single unit. After calibration, the stiffness, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and sensitivity of the PZT-integrated buckling nanoneedle have been determined to be 0.7100 N·m, 123.4700 GPa, 0.3000 and 0.0693 V·m·N, respectively. Three cells have been modelled and validated based on compression tests. The average global stiffness and Young's modulus of the cells are determined to be 10.8867 ± 0.0094 N·m and 110.7033 ± 0.0081 MPa, respectively. The nanoneedle and the cell have been assembled to measure the local stiffness of the single cells The local stiffness, Young's modulus and PZT output voltage of the three different size Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been determined at different environmental conditions. We investigated that, at low temperature the stiffness value is low to adapt to the change in the environmental condition. As a result, becomes vulnerable to viral and bacterial attacks. Therefore, the proposed technique will serve as a quick and accurate process to diagnose diseases at early stage in a cell for effective treatment.
本文提出了一种使用集成锆钛酸铅（PZT）的屈曲纳米针进行实时单细胞刚度测量的新技术。利用ABAQUS软件对PZT和纳米针的屈曲部分进行了建模和验证。这两个部分集成在一起作为一个整体发挥作用。经过校准，集成PZT的屈曲纳米针的刚度、杨氏模量、泊松比和灵敏度分别确定为0.7100 N·m、123.4700 GPa、0.3000和0.0693 V·m·N。基于压缩试验对三个细胞进行了建模和验证。细胞的平均整体刚度和杨氏模量分别确定为10.8867±0.0094 N·m和110.7033±0.0081 MPa。已将纳米针和细胞组装起来以测量单细胞的局部刚度。在不同环境条件下确定了三种不同大小的酿酒酵母的局部刚度、杨氏模量和PZT输出电压。我们研究发现，在低温下刚度值较低，以适应环境条件的变化。因此，细胞变得容易受到病毒和细菌的攻击。因此，所提出的技术将作为一种快速准确的方法，在细胞早期诊断疾病以便进行有效治疗。
